Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39548285›Full record

ReviewNature reviews. Neurology2024

Intracerebral haemorrhage - mechanisms, diagnosis and prospects for treatment and prevention.

David J Seiffge, Simon Fandler-Höfler, Yang Du, Martina B Goeldlin, Wilmar M T Jolink, Catharina J M Klijn, David J Werring

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Nature reviews. Neurology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 71 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
71citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

71 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  3. Surgery for spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral haemorrhage.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025
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  18. Single-cell analysis of microglia and monocyte dynamics uncovers distinct TNF-driven neuroimmune signatures in humans after intracerebral hemorrhage.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2026
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11 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

David J Seiffge *Department of Neurology, Inselspital University Hospital Bern and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0003-3890-3849
Simon Fandler-Höfler *Stroke Research Centre, Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-9043-0378
Yang DuStroke Research Centre, Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK.
Martina B GoeldlinDepartment of Neurology, Inselspital University Hospital Bern and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0001-5800-116X
Wilmar M T JolinkDepartment of Neurology, Isala Hospital, Zwolle, Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0001-9497-9050
Catharina J M Klijn *Department of Neurology, Donders Institute of Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-8495-4578
David J Werring *Stroke Research Centre, Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK. d.werring@ucl.ac.uk.ORCID 0000-0003-2074-1861

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating condition associated with high mortality and substantial residual disability among survivors. Effective treatments for the acute stages of ICH are limited. However, promising findings from randomized trials of therapeutic strategies, including acute care bundles that target anticoagulation therapies, blood pressure control and other physiological parameters, and trials of minimally invasive neurosurgical procedures have led to renewed optimism that patient outcomes can be improved. Currently ongoing areas of research for acute treatment include anti-inflammatory and haemostatic treatments. The implementation of effective secondary prevention strategies requires an understanding of the aetiology of ICH, which involves vascular and brain parenchymal imaging; the use of neuroimaging markers of cerebral small vessel disease improves classification with prognostic relevance. Other data underline the importance of preventing not only recurrent ICH but also ischaemic stroke and cardiovascular events in survivors of ICH. Ongoing and planned randomized controlled trials will assess the efficacy of prevention strategies, including antiplatelet agents, oral anticoagulants or left atrial appendage occlusion (in patients with concomitant atrial fibrillation), and optimal management of long-term blood pressure and statin use. Together, these advances herald a new era of improved understanding and effective interventions to reduce the burden of ICH.

Indexed as

Cerebral HemorrhageAnticoagulantsHumansAnticoagulants

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.