Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39547795›Full record

ArticleJournal of epidemiology and community health2025

SARS-CoV-2 testing, test positivity and vaccination in social housing residents compared with the general population: a retrospective population-based cohort study.

Gina Agarwal, Homa Keshavarz, Ricardo Angeles, Melissa Pirrie, Francine Marzanek, Francis Nguyen, Jasdeep Brar, J Michael Paterson

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of epidemiology and community health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Gina AgarwalDepartment of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada gina.agarwal@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5691-4675
Homa KeshavarzDepartment of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Ricardo AngelesDepartment of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Melissa PirrieDepartment of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Francine MarzanekDepartment of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Francis NguyenICES, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Jasdeep BrarDepartment of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
J Michael PatersonICES, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe consideration of unique social housing needs has largely been absent from the COVID-19 response, particularly in tailoring strategies to improve access to testing and vaccine uptake among vulnerable and high-risk populations in Ontario. Given the growing population of social housing residents, this study aimed to compare SARS-CoV-2 testing, positivity, and vaccination rates in a social housing population with those in a general population cohort in Ontario, Canada.

methodsThis population-based cohort study used administrative health data from Ontario to examine SARS-CoV-2 testing, positivity and vaccination rates in social housing residents compared with the general population from 1 January 2020 to 31 December 2021. All comparisons were unadjusted, stratified by sex and age and evaluated using standardised differences.

resultsThe rates of SARS-CoV-2 PCR testing were lower among younger age groups and higher among older adults within the social housing cohort, compared with the general population cohort. SARS-CoV-2 test positivity was higher in social housing than in the general population among individuals aged 60-79 years (7.9% vs 5.3%, respectively) and 80 years and older (12.0% vs 7.9%, respectively). Overall, 34.3% of social housing residents were fully vaccinated, compared with 29.6% of the general population cohort. However, a smaller proportion of social housing residents had received a booster vaccine (36.7%) compared with the general population (52.4%).

conclusionImproved and targeted outreach strategies are needed to increase the uptake of COVID-19 booster vaccines among social housing residents.

Indexed as

COVID-19COVID-19 TestingCOVID-19 VaccinesPublic HousingVaccinationAdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedOntarioRetrospective StudiesSARS-CoV-2COVID-19 VaccinesCOHORT STUDIESCOVID-19Health inequalitiesVACCINATION

Identifiers

PMID39547795
PMCPMC12015039

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.