Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39547402›Full record

ArticleJournal of cardiac failure2025

Coronary Artery Calcium for Risk Stratification of Heart Failure Mortality: The Coronary Artery Calcium Consortium.

Omar Mhaimeed, Zeina A Dardari, Michael Khorsandi, Omar Dzaye, Kavita Sharma, Khurram Nasir, Daniel S Berman, Matthew J Budoff, Leslee J Shaw, John A Rumberger and 2 more

Abstract readMulticenter Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of cardiac failure, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Omar MhaimeedDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland.
Zeina A DardariCiccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
Michael KhorsandiCiccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
Omar DzayeCiccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
Kavita SharmaDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland; Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
Khurram NasirDivision of Cardiovascular Prevention and Wellness, Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center, Houston, Texas.
Daniel S BermanDepartment of Imaging, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.
Matthew J BudoffLundquist Institute, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California.
Leslee J ShawDepartment of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York.
John A RumbergerDepartment of Cardiac Imaging, Princeton Longevity Center, Princeton, New Jersey.
Michael D MiedemaMinneapolis Heart Institute and Foundation, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
Michael J BlahaDepartment of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland; Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. Electronic address: mblaha1@jhmi.edu.

Funding

NHLBI NIH HHS L30 HL110027
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThere is increasing interest in predicting heart failure (HF), a major cause of morbidity and mortality with a significant financial burden. The role of coronary artery calcium (CAC), an accessible and inexpensive test, in predicting long-term HF mortality among asymptomatic adults remains unknown. We aimed to determine whether CAC burden is associated with HF-related mortality in the CAC Consortium. METHODS AND

resultsThe study included 66,636 primary prevention patients from the CAC Consortium. Multivariable competing risks regression was used to assess the association between CAC and HF-related mortality adjusting for demographics and traditional risk factors. The mean age was 54.4 years, 67% male, 89% White, and 55% had a CAC of >0. We observed 260 HF-related mortality events during a median follow up of 12.5 years; 75.3% occurred among those with a baseline CAC score of >100. Compared with a CAC of 0, there was a stepwise higher risk (P < .005) of HF mortality for a CAC of 1-100 (subdistribution hazard ratio [SHR] 2.27, 95% CI 1.3-3.99), 100-400 (SHR 3.68, 95% CI 2.1-6.43), and >400 (SHR 7.05, 95% CI 4.05-12.29). This increasing risk of HF mortality across higher CAC scores persisted across age groups, sex, and in the intermediate and high-risk groups as calculated by the pooled cohort equation and Predicting Risk of cardiovascular disease EVENTs (PREVENT) equation.

conclusionsA higher CAC is associated with an increasing incidence of long-term HF-related mortality in the primary prevention population, particularly intermediate and high-risk patients. Early preventive approaches in patients with high CAC must focus on preventing HF and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease with lifestyle changes and medications.

Indexed as

CalciumCoronary Artery DiseaseCoronary VesselsHeart FailureVascular CalcificationAdultAgedFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansMaleMiddle AgedRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsUnited StatesCalcium

Identifiers

PMID39547402
PMCPMC12075621

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.