ArticleThe journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences2024
Temporal Sequence of Incident Mild Cognitive Impairment, Incident Parkinsonism, and Risk of Death in Unimpaired Community-Dwelling Older Adults.
Article in The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Deterministic Overlapping Multimorbidity Phenotypes for Leakage-Safe EHR Modeling of Incident Cognitive Impairment in All of Us.Journal of interdisciplinary research applied to medicine · 2026Article
- Associations of pathologic Parkinson's disease (PD) and co-pathologies with cognitive decline and progression of parkinsonian signs in decedents with subclinical disease.Acta neuropathologica · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMild cognitive impairment (MCI) and parkinsonism affect many older adults. The objective of this study was to determine the sequence of their occurrence and associated risk of death.
methodsA total of 1255 community-dwelling unimpaired participants from 2 epidemiological cohorts were examined annually. MCI was based on neuropsychological testing and parkinsonism was based on the motor portion of the modified Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale. A multistate Cox proportional hazards model simultaneously examined incidences of MCI, parkinsonism, and death.
resultsThe average age at baseline was 76.5 years (standard deviation [SD] = 7.2) and 73% were female. Incident MCI occurred almost as commonly as incident parkinsonism, yet compared with no impairment, the risk of death was higher for MCI (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.82, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.34, 2.47), but it was not different for parkinsonism (HR = 1.29; 95% CI =0.95, 1.75). The risk of death for participants with incident MCI who progressed to parkinsonism (40%) was not significantly different from those with MCI alone (HR = 1.25, 95% CI = 0.93, 1.69). However, the risk of death for participants with incident parkinsonism who progressed to MCI (51%) was significantly higher than those who did not progress (HR = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.27, 2.18), indicating that the risk of death is highest with the incidence of MCI.
conclusionsThe varied patterns of sequential occurrence of cognitive and motor impairment and associated risk of death suggest much greater heterogeneity than previously recognized. Further work is needed to determine the biology underlying the temporal evolution of these phenotypes, and if identification of the various subtypes improves risk stratification.
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