ReviewFrontiers in pharmacology2024
Pathogenesis of thoracic ossification of the ligamentum flavum.
Review in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Clinical Outcomes and Feasibility of Unilateral Biportal Endoscopic Decompression for Thoracic Ossification of the Ligamentum Flavum: A Retrospective Single-Center Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Biomechanical comparison of laminoplasty and in-site regrafting versus laminectomy with pedicle screw fixation for localized thoracic pathological ossification of the ligamentum flavum: a finite element analysis.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026Article
- Delayed myelopathy caused by cerebrospinal fluid pseudocyst following decompression for thoracic ossification of the ligamentum flavum: a case report and literature review.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2026Review
- Prevalence and Radiological Features of Thoracic Ossification of the Ligamentum Flavum in Korea-A Retrospective Comparative Cohort Study Using MRI.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Microchannel-assisted precision surgical treatment for thoracic ossification of the ligamentum flavum: a comparative retrospective study.Frontiers in surgery · 2026Article
- Integrated bioinformatic analysis of biomarkers, pathways, and immune cell infiltration in ossification of the ligamentum flavum.International journal of clinical and experimental pathology · 2026Article
- DEC1 regulates osteoblast proliferation and differentiation via the RUNX2 signaling pathway: Insights into the molecular mechanism of DEC1-mediated transcriptional regulation in bone metabolism.Open life sciences · 2026Article
- A clinico-molecular classification scheme for ossification of ligamentum flavum: Based on 1034 cases.Journal of orthopaedic translation · 2026Article
- Machine learning algorithms for prediction of cerebrospinal fluid leakage after posterior surgery for thoracic ossification of the ligamentum flavum.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Biological mechanisms underlying the ossification of ligamentum flavum and potential therapeutic targets derived from current research.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2025Review
- [Short-term effectiveness of floating island laminectomy surgery for thoracic spinal stenosis and myelopathy caused by ossification of ligamentum flavum].Zhongguo xiu fu chong jian wai ke za zhi = Zhongguo xiufu chongjian waike zazhi = Chinese journal of reparative and reconstructive surgery · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Thoracic ossification of the ligamentum flavum (TOLF) is characterized by ectopic ossification of the ligamentum flavum in the thoracic spine and is considered the main cause of thoracic spinal stenosis and spinal cord disease. Osteoblast specific transcription factor Osterix (Osx) is required for bone formation, and there is no bone formation or ossification without Osx. Surgical intervention is recognized as the only effective method for TOLF treatment with set of complications. However, underlying mechanisms of TOLF are not well understood. This paper summarizes the pathogenesis of TOLF. Some relevant factors have been discussed, such as mechanical stress, genetic susceptibility genes, endocrine and trace element metabolism abnormalities, which may associate with TOLF. More recent studies using proteomics technology and RNA sequencing approach have discovered that some new factors participate in TOLF by upregulation of Osx gene expression including inflammatory factors. TOLF is a unique disease involving multiple factors. On the other hand, studies on TOLF pathogenic mechanism may provide new ideas for finding possible upstream regulatory factors of Osx and further developing novel drugs to stimulate new bone formation to treat osteoporosis.
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