ReviewQuantitative imaging in medicine and surgery2024
Magnetic resonance classification proposal for medial gastrocnemius muscle injuries.
Review in Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The Criteria and Design for Return-to-Play Following Muscle Injury in Football are Not Standardized: A Systematic Review Including Descriptive Analysis of RTP Criteria Distribution and Study Design Heterogeneity.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Pooled it
- Calf Injuries: An Anatomy-Based Approach to Diagnosis, Management and Return to Sport.Current reviews in musculoskeletal medicine · 2026Review
- Imaging in the diagnosis and characterization of tennis leg.Skeletal radiology · 2026Review
- Real-time shear wave elastography and high-frequency ultrasound in the assessment of treatment outcomes for triceps surae muscle injury.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
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Abstract
Calf muscle injuries are common among athletes and occupational populations, with highly variable recovery times that are challenging to be predicted at the initial clinical evaluation. Specifically, in distal gastrocnemius muscle injuries, an ultrasound-based severity classification has shown to be useful for estimating the recovery time. According to the location of lesions and the recognition of some US signs, four types of injuries of the distal gastrocnemius muscle were described. Since magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has proven to be useful in diagnosing and prognosticating muscle injuries by assessing the extent of affected connective tissue, a specific MRI protocol involving T1-weighted and fluid-sensitive static and dynamic acquisitions has been developed aimed to characterize the four types of injuries. We here describe the characteristics of this new MRI protocol and the interpretation of images, which will be useful to improve the recognition of acute and delayed distal gastrocnemius muscle injuries. The proposed classification includes: myoaponeurotic muscle injury without aponeurotic discontinuities (type 1), myoaponeurotic muscle injury with aponeurotic discontinuities (type 2), isolated free aponeurosis discontinuity (type 3), and a mixed myoaponeurotic-aponeurotic injury pattern (type 4). A comprehensive understanding of the MRI features associated with each injury type, in conjunction with multidisciplinary team collaboration, is essential for optimizing the athlete's recovery and return to play.
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