ArticleEuro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin2024
Measuring hospital antibiotic consumption in EU/EEA countries: comparison of different metrics, 2017 to 2021.
Article in Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Epidemiology of penicillin allergy labels in a general Swedish population.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. Global · 2026Article
- Antibiotic Consumption and Healthcare-Associated Infection Surveillance in a Multi-Unit Emergency Hospital in Romania: A Retrospective Observational Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Observational
- Mind the governance gap: a one health scoping review of national AMR performance indicators.npj antimicrobials and resistance · 2026Article
- Patients' experiences of penicillin allergy evaluation: a qualitative study.JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2026Article
- Article
- Antibiotic consumption patterns in acute care hospitals: an integrated analysis using regression modelling combining data from two surveillance systems, Germany, 2022.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2025Article
- Trends in hospital antibacterial consumption: a retrospective analysis of reimbursement data, Belgium 2017 to 2022.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2025Article
- [Impact of increasing the frequency of meetings in which the Antimicrobial Stewardship Programme team conducted prospective audit and feedback on antimicrobial consumption].Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia · 2025Article
- Kinetic Patterns of Antibiotic Consumption in German Acute Care Hospitals from 2017 to 2023.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- 'Antimicrobial resistance is invisible. I am not.'Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BackgroundAntibiotic resistance poses a considerable public health threat, with data-driven stewardship a main prevention measure. While quantifying antibiotic consumption is a key component of antibiotic stewardship programmes, the choice of denominator for calculating this metric can impact comparative analyses and trend evaluations substantially, influencing targeted stewardship interventions.AimWe aim to evaluate how using hospital sector-specific antibiotic consumption rate denominators at country level impacts country rankings and trends, addressing the limitations of the commonly used 'defined daily doses (DDD) per 1,000 inhabitants per day' metric.MethodsHospital antibiotic consumption data from ESAC-Net and denominator data from Eurostat ('inhabitants,' 'bed-days' and 'discharges') for 2017-2021 were used to calculate hospital antibiotic consumption rates for 24 reporting European Union/ European Economic Area (EU/EEA) countries. Countries were ranked by their consumption rates and trends were analysed to assess the effects of using different denominators.ResultsCountry rankings and 5-year trend analyses varied depending on the denominator used. Antibiotic consumption rates were more similar when using hospital activity-based denominators 'bed-days' and 'discharges' compared with the population-based 'inhabitants' denominator. Differences in country rankings and trends were also seen among rates derived using 'bed-days' and 'discharges'.ConclusionThe study underscores the importance of using hospital activity-based denominators such as 'bed-days' and 'discharges' when evaluating hospital antibiotic consumption. ESAC-Net's historical reliance on only 'DDD per 1,000 inhabitants per day' is challenged, advocating for the use of multiple hospital activity-based denominators. Corresponding hospital activity denominators for ESAC-Net data will more effectively inform national hospital antibiotic stewardship interventions.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.