Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39543930›Full record

Trial reportAnnals of clinical and translational neurology2025

Intermittent hypoxia training improves cerebral blood flow without cognitive impairment.

Qihan Zhang, Qing Wang, Feiyang Jin, Dan Huang, Xunming Ji, Yuan Wang

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in Annals of clinical and translational neurology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Beneficially Stressing the Peripheral Nervous System to Repair.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Qihan Zhang *Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Qing Wang *Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Feiyang JinDepartment of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Dan HuangDevelopment Coordination Office, Beijing Xiaotangshan Hospital, Beijing, China.
Xunming JiDepartment of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.ORCID 0000-0003-0293-2744
Yuan WangDepartment of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.ORCID 0000-0001-9393-3894

Funding

National Key Research and Development Program of China 2022YFC3501005National Natural Science Foundation of China 82027802
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveBrief exposure to intermittent hypoxia has been shown to potentially induce protective effects in the body. Animal studies suggest that intermittent hypoxia could increase cerebral blood flow and confer resistance to subsequent hypoxic-ischemic injury, yet clinical investigations are limited. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a moderate short-term intermittent hypoxia protocol on cerebral blood flow and cognitive performance.

methodsSubjects who met the inclusion criteria were recruited to this study and randomized into the intermittent hypoxia group or the control group, which receives intermittent hypoxia training and sham-intermittent hypoxia training, respectively. Cerebral hemodynamics, cognitive performance, cerebral perfusion pressure, and oxygen saturation were assessed before and after the intervention.

resultsA total of 100 healthy participants were included in this study. Compared to the control group, the intermittent hypoxia group exhibited higher peak systolic blood flow velocity (108.64 ± 22.53 vs. 100.21 ± 19.06, p = 0.049) and cerebrovascular conduction index (0.74 ± 0.17 vs. 0.66 ± 0.21, p = 0.027), and lower cerebrovascular resistance index (1.41 ± 0.29 vs. 1.54 ± 0.36, p = 0.044) following intermittent hypoxia training. Additionally, within-group comparisons revealed that intermittent hypoxia training led to increased cerebral blood flow velocity, elevated cerebrovascular conductance index, and decreased cerebrovascular resistance index (p < 0.05). Other indicators including cognitive function, cerebral perfusion pressure, and oxygen saturation did not exhibit significant differences between groups.

interpretationThese findings revealed that intermittent hypoxia may represent a safe and effective strategy for improving cerebral blood flow.

Indexed as

Cerebrovascular CirculationCognitionHypoxiaAdultBlood Flow VelocityCognitive DysfunctionFemaleHumansMaleYoung Adult

Identifiers

PMID39543930
PMCPMC11752099

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.