Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39543591›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2024

Impact of New York City's 4-year multi-component natural experiment to improve elementary school physical education on student cardiorespiratory fitness.

Hannah R Thompson, Kristine A Madsen, Caroline Nguyen, Thomas L McKenzie, Sally Picciotto

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in BMC public health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Observational
  4. Observational
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Hannah R ThompsonSchool of Public Health, Community Health Sciences, University of California Berkeley, 2121 Berkeley Way West, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA. ThompsonH@Berkeley.edu.
Kristine A MadsenSchool of Public Health, Community Health Sciences, University of California Berkeley, 2121 Berkeley Way West, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
Caroline NguyenSchool of Public Health, Community Health Sciences, University of California Berkeley, 2121 Berkeley Way West, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
Thomas L McKenzieSchool of Exercise and Nutritional Science, San Diego State University, 5499 Aztec Bowl, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA.
Sally PicciottoSchool of Public Health, Community Health Sciences, University of California Berkeley, 2121 Berkeley Way West, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.

Funding

Increasing compliance with physical education laws to reduce health inequitiesK01HL151805 · NHLBI · UNIV OF CALIF/DIV/AGRICULTURE/NAT/RESOUR · PI Hannah R Thompson · 2021 to 2026
$1.0M
NHLBI NIH HHS 1K01HL51805NHLBI NIH HHS K01 HL151805
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSchool physical education is an important population-level health intervention for improving youth fitness. This study estimated the impact of New York City's PE Works program - which included providing PE teachers, training for classroom teachers, and administrative/ teacher support for PE - on student cardiorespiratory fitness as measured by the FitnessGram's 15-meter PACER test for aerobic capacity.

methodsThis longitudinal study (2014/15-2018/19) includes 581 elementary schools (n = 315,999 4th /5th -grade students; 84% non-white; 74% who qualify for free or reduced-price meals, a proxy for socioeconomic status). We apply the parametric g-formula to address schools' time-varying exposure to intervention components and time-varying confounding.

resultsAfter four years of staggered PE Works implementation, 49.7% of students/school (95% CI: 42.6%, 54.2%) met age/sex-specific Healthy Fitness Zone (HFZ) aerobic capacity standards set by the FitnessGram. Had PE Works not been implemented, we estimate 45.7% (95% CI: 36.9%, 52.1%) would have met aerobic capacity HFZ standards. Had PE Works been fully implemented in all schools from the program's inception, we estimate 57.4% (95% CI: 49.1%, 63.3%) would have met aerobic capacity HFZ standards. Adding a PE teacher, alone, had the largest impact (6.4% (95% CI: 1.0, 12.0) increase).

conclusionPE Works positively impacted student cardiorespiratory fitness. Mandating and funding multicomponent PE programs is an important public health intervention to increase children's cardiorespiratory fitness.

Indexed as

Cardiorespiratory FitnessPhysical Education and TrainingChildFemaleHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleNew York CityProgram EvaluationSchool Health ServicesSchoolsStudentsAdolescent healthCardiorespiratory fitnessParametric g-formulaPhysical education

Identifiers

PMID39543591
PMCPMC11562091

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.