Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39538214›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2024

Self-reported lifetime Hepatitis B virus testing, and vaccination uptake among people who inject drugs in Iran: a nationwide study in 2020.

Maliheh Sadat Bazrafshani, Soheil Mehmandoost, Fatemeh Tavakoli, Armita Shahesmaeili, Nima Ghalekhani, Heidar Sharafi, SeyedAhmad SeyedAlinaghi, Aliakbar Haghdoost, Mohammad Karamouzian, Hamid Sharifi

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in BMC public health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Maliheh Sadat BazrafshaniHIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, and WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Soheil MehmandoostHIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, and WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Fatemeh TavakoliHIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, and WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Armita ShahesmaeiliHIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, and WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Nima GhalekhaniHIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, and WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Heidar SharafiResearch Centre, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada.
SeyedAhmad SeyedAlinaghiIranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS, Iranian Institute for Reduction of High-Risk Behaviors, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Aliakbar HaghdoostHIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, and WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Mohammad KaramouzianCentre on Drug Policy Evaluation, MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Hamid SharifiHIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, and WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran. sharifihami@gmail.com.

Funding

Center for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention of Iran's Ministry of Health and Medical Education and the National Institute for Medical Research Development NIMAD 973382
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a silent epidemic among people who inject drugs (PWID). HBV testing and vaccination are important for PWID to reduce the risk of infection, prevent chronic complications and contribute to public health efforts in addressing HBV transmission. Our objective was to assess the self-reported lifetime uptake of HBV testing and vaccination among PWID in Iran and their associated factors.

methodThis cross-sectional study was conducted among 2,684 PWID in 11 large cities from July 2019 to March 2020 using a respondent-driven sampling method. Participants were interviewed face-to-face and asked about their lifetime experience of HBV testing and vaccination uptake as the outcome. Logistic regression models were built to identify related factors for reporting HBV testing and vaccination uptake.

resultsThe prevalence of HBV testing and vaccination uptake among PWID was 14.2% (95% confidence intervals [CI]: 12.8-15.6) and 16.4% (95% CI: 14.9-18.1), respectively. Shared needles, syringes, or equipment in the past 12 months decreased the odds of reporting lifetime HBV testing uptake (Adjusted odds ratio [AOR]:0.46, 95% CI: 0.29-0.72). However, having an academic education (AOR: 1.89, 95% CI: 1.09-3.30) and lifetime experience of homelessness (AOR: 1.58, 95% CI: 1.21-2.06) increased the odds of reporting lifetime HBV vaccination uptake.

conclusionOur study highlighted the low prevalence of HBV testing and vaccination uptake among PWID in Iran. It is essential to understand and address the obstacles preventing PWID from getting tested and vaccinated for HBV. Addressing these barriers could significantly reduce the burden of HBV among this socio-economically marginalized population.

Indexed as

Hepatitis BHepatitis B VaccinesSelf ReportSubstance Abuse, IntravenousAdolescentAdultCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansIranMaleMiddle AgedVaccinationYoung AdultHepatitis B VaccinesHepatitis virusIntravenousIranSubstance-related disordersVaccination

Identifiers

PMID39538214
PMCPMC11562248

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.