ArticleJournal of assisted reproduction and genetics2025
A multicycle approach through DuoStim with a progestin-primed ovarian stimulation (PPOS) protocol: a valuable option in poor prognosis patients undergoing PGT-A.
Article in Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Impact of the PPOS protocol on euploidy embryo rates and reproductive outcomes in preimplantation genetic testing cycles: a systematic review.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Pooled it
- Letrozole Co-Administration in Progestin-Primed Ovarian Stimulation (PPOS) Protocols for Patients Undergoing In Vitro Fertilization: A Systematic Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Ovarian responsiveness during random-start stimulation and DuoStim in women: comparative insights from domestic animal models.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Ten years of DuoStim in time-sensitive poor-prognosis IVF patients: real world cumulative outcomes and treatment trajectories.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Age-stratified analysis of euploidy rates in Progestin-Primed Ovarian Stimulation (PPOS) utilizing micronized progesterone or dydrogesterone versus GnRH analogues.Journal of ovarian research · 2025Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThis study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a PPOS protocol in poor prognosis patients undergoing IVF with DuoStim and PGT-A versus the conventional protocol with GnRH antagonist.
methodsRetrospective cohort study encompassing 444 couples obtained matching one PPOS-DuoStim with two antagonist-DuoStim cycles at a private IVF center between 2020 and 2023 (average maternal age: 40 years, average cumulus-oocyte complexes collected after the first stimulation: 5). The study was powered to exclude a two-sided different euploid blastocyst rate per MII oocytes (EBR per MII) in the two groups (alpha = 0.05, power = 0.9, effect size = 0.3). All cycles involved ICSI, blastocyst stage PGT-A, and single vitrified-warmed euploid transfers. We compared all embryological and clinical outcomes within each group (first vs. second stimulations), and among the two study arms (first stimulation vs. first stimulation; second stimulations vs. second stimulation; overall). The overall EBR per MII was the primary study outcome. The cumulative-live-birth-rate per concluded cycles (CLBR) was the main secondary outcome.
resultsIn the second stimulations, we obtained a greater number of COCs and MIIs in both antagonist- and PPOS-DuoStim groups. No difference was observed for all embryological and clinical outcomes when comparing the two stimulations within each group. All embryological and clinical outcomes were comparable also between the two groups, including the EBR per MII. To date, 285 and 121 antagonist- and PPOS-DuoStim cycles were concluded. The CLBR was comparable between the groups: 26% vs. 29%.
conclusionsPPOS-DuoStim holds potential for being an efficient, patient-friendly, and possibly cost-effective approach that does not compromise treatment efficacy. Future investigations must explore PPOS effect on follicular recruitment, neonatal, and long-term outcomes.
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