Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39536971›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of nutrition2025

Intragenerational and Intergenerational Transmission of Food Insecurity: An Analysis of Black and White Women and Children From the NHLBI Growth and Health Study.

Marisa M Tsai, Elissa S Epel, A Janet Tomiyama, Cindy W Leung, Mahasin S Mujahid, Barbara A Laraia

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Marisa M TsaiSchool of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States. Electronic address: Marisa.tsai@berkeley.edu.
Elissa S EpelSchool of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.
A Janet TomiyamaDepartment of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
Cindy W LeungDepartment of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States.
Mahasin S MujahidSchool of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States.
Barbara A LaraiaSchool of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States.

Funding

Scientific and Technical CoreP2CHD041022 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI Martha Jane Bailey · 2016 to 2026
$6.9M
Race, Stress and Dysregulated Eating: Maternal to Child Transmission of ObesityR01HD073568 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY · PI EPEL, ELISSA S., LARAIA, BARBARA A · 2014 to 2018
$2.6M
Food Insecurity, Poor Diet, and Metabolic Syndrome: Cortisol’s Amplifying RoleR01DK128575 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI TOMIYAMA, A. JANET · 2021 to 2025
$2.0M
Early Life Adversity, Cumulative Life Stress, Race, and Cellular Aging in Midlife Women and OffspringR01AG059677 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI EPEL, ELISSA S., LARAIA, BARBARA A · 2019 to 2021
$1.7M
Computational Social Science Training ProgramT32HD101364 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY · PI Jennifer Ahern, PATRICK T BRADSHAW · 2020 to 2026
$1.7M
Early Life Adversity, Cumulative Life Stress, Race, and Cellular Aging in Midlife Women and OffspringR56AG059677 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI EPEL, ELISSA S., LARAIA, BARBARA A · 2018 to 2018
$690k
Neighborhood Environments and Intergenerational Transmission of Cardiovascular HealthR56HL141878 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY · PI MUJAHID, MAHASIN S · 2018 to 2018
$520k
NHLBI NIH HHS R56 HL141878NIA NIH HHS R01 AG059677NIA NIH HHS R56 AG059677NICHD NIH HHS P2C HD041022NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD073568NICHD NIH HHS T32 HD101364NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK128575
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundFood insecurity (FI) continues to be a significant public health concern and is associated with myriad physical and mental health consequences. Increased understanding of conditions around its occurrence throughout the life course are needed. However, research has been limited due to inadequate measurement tools and study length.

objectivesThis study examined the intragenerational and intergenerational dynamics of FI over time by assessing the transmission of FI from childhood to adulthood and from mother to offspring using population-specific FI measures and the influence of sociodemographic factors.

methodsWomen in early midlife (n = 624) and their children (n = 331) participated in a prospective cohort study between 1987 and 2019 in Richmond, California. Three validated FI measures were assessed, representing 1) past childhood FI and 2) current adult household FI, reported by the women, and 3) current child FI, reported by the women's children. Associations between measures were examined using adjusted modified Poisson regression models. Mediation by current adult household FI between past childhood FI and their offspring's current child FI was assessed. Moderation by sociodemographic factors, including poverty level, parental education, marital status, and race was also assessed.

resultsAmong women, 32.4% reported FI in childhood and 34.5% reported current adult household FI. Among their offspring, 53.2% reported current child FI. Past childhood FI increased the likelihood of current adult FI (RR: 2.18; 95% CI: 1.64, 2.90) and current adult FI increased the likelihood of current child FI (RR: 1.49; 95% CI: 1.08, 2.07). Current adult FI partially mediated past childhood FI and their offspring's current child FI (natural indirect effect OR: 1.42; 95% CI: 1.03, 2.24). There was no evidence of moderation by sociodemographic factors.

conclusionsFI measures reported by adults and children capture differing experiences, highlighting the need to use FI measures that are appropriate for their target population. FI may be perpetuated intragenerationally and intergenerationally.

Indexed as

Food InsecurityIntergenerational RelationsAdultBlack or African AmericanChildChild, PreschoolCohort StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesSocioeconomic FactorsUnited StatesWhitefood securityhealth disparitieslife course epidemiologymaternal and child healthmeasurement

Identifiers

PMID39536971
PMCPMC12612590

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.