ArticleVaccine2025
Intranasal immunization with CPAF combined with ADU-S100 induces an effector CD4 T cell response and reduces bacterial burden following intravaginal infection with Chlamydia muridarum.
Article in Vaccine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Genetic diversity of collaborative cross mice enables the establishment of a novelInfection and immunity · 2026Article
- STING agonists reduce genital chlamydial infection and attenuate inflammation and pathology.Infection and immunity · 2026Article
- Intranasal Vaccine Adjuvants and Delivery Platforms: From Barrier Mechanisms to Clinical Translation.Vaccines · 2026Review
- AFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- A Cyclic-di-AMP Adjuvanted CPAF Protein Vaccine Is Immunogenic in Swine, but It Fails to Reduce GenitalVaccines · 2025Article
- T cell signatures associated with reduced Chlamydia trachomatis reinfection in a highly exposed cohort.JCI insight · 2025Article
- Antibacterial effects of coniferyl alcohol-derived dehydrogenation polymer on chlamydial infectionFrontiers in chemistry · 2025Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
- Update of
Authors and funding
16 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) is the most common bacterial sexually transmitted infection globally, and a vaccine is urgently needed to stop transmission and disease. Chlamydial Protease Activity Factor (CPAF) is an immunoprevalent and immunodominant antigen for CD4 T cells and B cells, which makes it a strong vaccine candidate. Due to the tolerogenic nature of the female genital tract (FGT) and its lack of secondary lymphoid tissue, effective induction of protective cell-mediated immunity will likely require potent and safe mucosal adjuvants. To address this need, we produced CPAF in a cell-free protein synthesis platform and adjuvanted it with the TLR9-agonist CpG1826, a synthetic cyclic-di-AMP (CDA) STING (stimulator of interferon genes) agonist ADU-S100, and/or the squalene oil-in-water nanoemulsion, AddaS03. We determined that intranasal immunization with CPAF plus ADU-S100 was well tolerated in female mice, induced CD4 T cells characterized by TNFα production alone or in combination with IL-17 A or IFNγ, significantly reduced bacterial shedding, and shortened the duration of infection in mice intravaginally challenged with Chlamydia muridarum. These data demonstrate the potential for CDA as a mucosal adjuvant for vaccines against Chlamydia genital tract infection.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.