Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39535473›Full record

ArticleAlzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association2025

Plasma Alzheimer's disease biomarker variability: Amyloid-independent and amyloid-dependent factors.

Eun Hye Lee, Sung Hoon Kang, Daeun Shin, Young Ju Kim, Henrik Zetterberg, Kaj Blennow, Fernando Gonzalez-Ortiz, Nicholas J Ashton, Bo Kyoung Cheon, Heejin Yoo and 8 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Article
  4. Journal of Korean medical science · 2026
    Article
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  8. Review
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  14. Spotlight on Alzheimer's disease and related dementias research in East Asia.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025
    Article
  15. Article
  16. The performance of plasma p-tau217 in Black middle-aged and older adults.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025
    Article
  17. Plasma Alzheimer's disease biomarker variability: Amyloid-independent and amyloid-dependent factors.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors.

Eun Hye LeeDepartment of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Sung Hoon KangDepartment of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Daeun ShinDepartment of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Young Ju KimDepartment of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Henrik ZetterbergDepartment of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden.
Kaj BlennowDepartment of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden.
Fernando Gonzalez-OrtizDepartment of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden.
Nicholas J AshtonDepartment of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden.
Bo Kyoung CheonDepartment of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Heejin YooDepartment of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Hongki HamAlzheimer's Disease Convergence Research Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea.
Jihwan YunDepartment of Neurology, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon-si, South Korea.
Jun Pyo KimDepartment of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Hee Jin KimDepartment of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Duk L NaDepartment of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Hyemin JangDepartment of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Sang Won SeoDepartment of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
K‐ROAD study group

Funding

Research Education ComponentP30AG072980 · NIA · BANNER HEALTH · PI ALIREZA ATRI · 2021 to 2026
$24.9M
Alzheimer's Association SG-23-1038904 QCAlzheimer's Association 2021 Zenith Award ZEN-21-848495European Union Joint Program for Neurodegenerative Disorders JPND2019-466-236Familjen Rönströms StiftelseHjärnfonden, Sweden #ALZ2022-0006Hjärnfonden, Sweden #FO2017-0243Kirsten og Freddy Johansens FondKorea National Institute of Health 2024-ER1003-00Korea University Guro Hospital No.O2400251La Fondation Recherche AlzheimerMinistry of Health & Welfare and Ministry of Science and ICT RS-2020-KH106434Ministry of Health & Welfare and Ministry of Science and ICT RS-2022-KH127756Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea Artificial Intelligence Innovation HubMinistry of Science and ICT, South Korea No.RS-2021-II212068National Research Foundation of Korea NRF-2019R1A5A2027340NIA NIH HHS P30 AG072980Samsung Medical Center #SMX1240561Swedish Alzheimer Foundation #AF-930351Swedish Alzheimer Foundation #AF-939721Swedish Alzheimer Foundation #AF-968270Swedish Alzheimer Foundation #AF-994551Swedish government and the County Councils #ALFGBG-715986Swedish government and the County Councils #ALFGBG-965240Swedish Research Council #2017-00915Swedish Research Council #2022-00732
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionWe aimed to investigate which factors affect plasma biomarker levels via amyloid beta (Aβ)-independent or Aβ-dependent effects and improve the predictive performance of these biomarkers for Aβ positivity on positron emission tomography (PET).

methodsA total of 2935 participants underwent blood sampling for measurements of plasma Aβ42/40 ratio, phosphorylated tau 217 (p-tau217; ALZpath), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and neurofilament light chain (NfL) levels using single-molecule array and Aβ PET. Laboratory findings were collected using a routine blood test battery.

resultsAβ-independent factors included hemoglobin and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) for p-tau217 and hemoglobin, eGFR, and triiodothyronine (T DISCUSSION: Our findings highlight the importance of accurately interpreting plasma biomarkers for predicting Aβ uptake in real-world settings. HIGHLIGHTS: We investigated factor-Alzheimer's disease plasma biomarker associations in a large Korean cohort. Hemoglobin and estimated glomerular filtration rate affect the biomarkers independently of brain amyloid beta (Aβ). Apolipoprotein E genotypes and body mass index status affect the biomarkers dependent on brain Aβ. Addition of Aβ-independent factors shows negligible effect in predicting Aβ positivity. Adjusting for Aβ-dependent factors shows a modest effect in predicting Aβ positivity.

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseAmyloid beta-PeptidesBiomarkersAgedApolipoproteins EFemaleGlial Fibrillary Acidic ProteinHumansMaleMiddle AgedNeurofilament ProteinsPeptide FragmentsPositron-Emission Tomographytau ProteinsAmyloid beta-PeptidesApolipoproteins EBiomarkersGFAP protein, humanGlial Fibrillary Acidic Proteinneurofilament protein LNeurofilament ProteinsPeptide Fragmentstau ProteinsAlzheimer's diseaseamyloid beta–dependent variabilityamyloid beta–independent variabilitybiomarker applicationbiomarker variabilitycomorbidityplasma biomarkerssubcortical vascular cognitive impairment

Identifiers

PMID39535473
PMCPMC11782842

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.