ArticleThe Laryngoscope2025
The Impact of Slight to Mild Hearing Loss on Academic Performance and Behavior of 9-15-Year-Olds.
Article in The Laryngoscope, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Association Between Sensorineural Hearing Loss and Neurocognitive Performance in Survivors of Childhood Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Cancer medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Hearing and early life adversity: effects of developmental stress on sensory processing.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Review
- Variability in Language and Literacy Outcomes Among Deaf Elementary Students in a National Sample.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
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Abstract
objectiveTo examine the impact of slight to mild hearing loss in children by studying its association with academic performance and behavioral problems.
methodsThis study was embedded within a prospective birth cohort in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. Participants underwent audiometric and behavioral evaluations between ages 9-11 (April 2012-October 2015) and 13-15 (May 2017-September 2019). At 13-15, a multiple linear regression was conducted to explore the relationship between hearing acuity and both academic and behavioral outcomes. A cross-lagged analysis using data from ages 9 to 11 investigated bidirectional associations between hearing loss and behavioral problems.
resultsThe cross-sectional part of the study involved 4688 participants at the age of 13-15 years. The relative risk for children with slight to mild hearing loss of being placed in a lower educational level compared with the highest level was 1.52 (95% confidence interval (CI) [1.14, 2.02]). Among boys, elevated high-frequency pure-tone average (HPTA) was associated with a higher total problem score (per 1 dB HPTA: β = 0.01; 95% CI [0.00, 0.02]). For girls, elevated low-frequency pure-tone average (LPTA) was associated with a higher attention problem score (per 1 dB LPTA: β = 0.02; 95% CI [0.01, 0.02]). Cross-lagged effects showed that participants with increased pure-tone averages in low frequencies at 9-11 years had more social problems at ages 13-15 years (Z-score difference: 0.01; 95% CI [0.01, 0.02]).
conclusionElevated hearing thresholds in slight to mild hearing loss were linked to poorer academic performance and increased behavioral problems. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 2 (prospective cohort study) Laryngoscope, 135:1511-1519, 2025.
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