Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39535217›Full record

ReviewNeuro-oncology2025

Immunotherapy-related neurotoxicity in the central nervous system of children with cancer.

Jiasen He, Jeremy Connors, Andrew Meador, Shuo Xu, Heather Meador, Hong Jiang, Juan Fueyo, Candelaria Gomez-Manzano, Gregory K Friedman, Wafik Zaky and 3 more

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Neuro-oncology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Jiasen HeSection of Pediatric Neuro-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7479-4315
Jeremy ConnorsSection of Stem Cell Transplant, Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
Andrew MeadorTexas A&M University School of Medicine, Bryan, Texas, USA.
Shuo XuSection of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
Heather MeadorSection of Pediatric Neuro-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
Hong JiangDepartment of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
Juan FueyoDepartment of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6941-2335
Candelaria Gomez-ManzanoDepartment of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1259-2133
Gregory K FriedmanSection of Pediatric Neuro-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
Wafik ZakySection of Pediatric Neuro-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
Zsila SadighiSection of Pediatric Neuro-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
John M SlopisSection of Pediatric Neuro-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
Ali H AhmadSection of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.

Funding

Ph1 Study of HSV G207 in Pediatric Malignant Cerebellar Tumors IND 16294 01/05/18.R01FD006368 · FDA · UNIVERSITY OF TX MD ANDERSON CAN CTR · PI GREGORY K FRIEDMAN · 2019 to 2026
$750k
ChadTough Defeat DIPG FoundationFDA HHS R01 FD006368U.S. FDA R01FD006368
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Significant gaps remain in our understanding of immunotherapy-related neurotoxicity in pediatric patients, largely because much of our knowledge comes from studies in adults. Accurately identifying the adverse effects of immunotherapy in children is also challenging, owing to variations in terminology and grading systems. Moreover, the manifestation of immunotherapy-related neurotoxicity differs greatly across different diseases, various modalities, dosages, and delivery methods. Combining immunotherapy with other treatments might improve outcomes but introduces new complexities and potential for increased toxicities. Additionally, pediatric patients with intracranial malignancy have unique responses to immunotherapies and distinct neurotoxicity compared to those with extracranial malignancy. Consequently, we must enhance our understanding of the pathophysiology, prevalence, severity, and management of immunotherapy's neurotoxic effects in this vulnerable group. This review consolidates the current knowledge of immunotherapy-related neurotoxicity in pediatric oncology, highlighting various types of neurotoxicity including cytokine release syndrome (CRS), immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS), and tumor inflammation-associated neurotoxicity (TIAN), among others. Furthermore, we examine the unique features of neurotoxicity associated with adoptive cellular therapy (ACT), antibody-based therapies, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), oncolytic viruses (OV), and cancer vaccines.

Indexed as

ImmunotherapyNeoplasmsNeurotoxicity SyndromesChildHumansimmunotherapyintracranial diseaseneurotoxicitypediatric cancer

Identifiers

PMID39535217
PMCPMC11889721

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.