Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39534850›Full record

ReviewRSC advances2024

Exploring heterocyclic scaffolds in carbonic anhydrase inhibition: a decade of structural and therapeutic insights.

Nafeesa Naeem, Amina Sadiq, Gehan Ahmed Othman, Habab M Yassin, Ehsan Ullah Mughal

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in RSC advances, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Dual-target carbonic anhydrase inhibitors in cancer therapy: progress, challenges, and opportunities.Medicinal chemistry research : an international journal for rapid communications on design and mechanisms of action of biologically active agents · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Nafeesa NaeemDepartment of Chemistry, University of Gujrat Gujrat 50700 Pakistan ehsan.ullah@uog.edu.pk.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6647-9697
Amina SadiqDepartment of Chemistry, Govt. College Women University Sialkot 51300 Pakistan.
Gehan Ahmed OthmanBiology Department, College of Science, King Khalid University Abha 61421 Saudi Arabia.
Habab M YassinBiology Department, College of Science, King Khalid University Abha 61421 Saudi Arabia.
Ehsan Ullah MughalDepartment of Chemistry, University of Gujrat Gujrat 50700 Pakistan ehsan.ullah@uog.edu.pk.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9463-9398

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Heterocyclic compounds represent a prominent class of molecules with diverse pharmacological activities. Among their therapeutic applications, they have gained significant attention as carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitors, owing to their potential in the treatment of various diseases such as epilepsy, cancer and glaucoma. CA is a widely distributed zinc metalloenzyme that facilitates the reversible interconversion of carbon dioxide and bicarbonate. This reaction is essential for numerous physiological and pathological processes. In humans, CA exists in sixteen different isoforms, labeled hCA-I to hCA-XV, each distributed across various tissues and organs and involved in crucial physiological functions. Clinically utilized CA inhibitors, such as brinzolamide, dorzolamide and acetazolamide, exhibit poor selectivity, leading to undesirable side effects. A significant challenge in designing effective CA inhibitors is achieving balanced isoform selectivity, prompting the exploration of new chemotypes. This review compiles recent strategies employed by various researchers in developing CAIs across different structural classes, including pyrazoline, quinoline, imidazole, oxadiazole, pyrimidine, coumarin, chalcone, rhodanine, phthalazine, triazole, isatin, and indole. Additionally, the review summarizes structure-activity relationship (SAR) analyses, isoform selectivity evaluations, along with mechanistic and

Identifiers

PMID39534850
PMCPMC11555472

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.