ArticleWater environment research : a research publication of the Water Environment Federation2024
Fate of biosolids-bound PFAS through pyrolysis coupled with thermal oxidation for air emissions control.
Article in Water environment research : a research publication of the Water Environment Federation, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Integrated thermal and phytoremediation of agricultural soils impacted by PFAS.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- PFAS Removal During Pyrolysis of Biosolids Is Affected by Initial PFAS Concentration and Pyrolysis Efficiency.Water environment research : a research publication of the Water Environment Federation · 2026Article
- Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in untreated and treated sludge/biosolids from 27 water resource recovery facilities across the United States and Canada.Water environment research : a research publication of the Water Environment Federation · 2025Article
- Fate of biosolids-bound PFAS through pyrolysis coupled with thermal oxidation for air emissions control.Water environment research : a research publication of the Water Environment Federation · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Pyrolysis has been identified as a possible thermal treatment process for reducing perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from wastewater solids, though off-gas from the pyrolysis unit can still be a source of PFAS emissions. In this work, the fate of PFAS through a laboratory-scale pyrolysis unit coupled with a thermal oxidizer for treatment of off-gasses is documented. Between 91.5% and >99.9% reduction was observed through the entire system for specific compounds based on targeted analyses. Overall, the pyrolysis and thermal oxidizer system removed 99.4% of the PFAS moles introduced. Furthermore, shorter chain variants comprised the majority of reportable PFAS in the thermal oxidizer flue gas, indicating the longer chain compounds present in the dried biosolids fed to pyrolyzer decompose through the system. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Thermal oxidation is a promising treatment technology for exhaust systems associated with thermal biosolids treatments. Thermal oxidation demonstrated significant degradation capabilities, with gas phase emissions comprising only 0.200% of initial PFAS concentrations to the system. Short-chain PFAS made up a higher percent of thermal oxidizer emissions, ranging between 54.4% and 79.5% of PFAS in the exhaust on a molar basis. The possibility of recombinant PFAS formation and partial thermal decomposition of PFAS in thermal oxidation is a needed area of research.
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Registered trials
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