Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39533454›Full record

ArticleAdvanced healthcare materials2025

Melt Electrowriting of Polyhydroxyalkanoates for Enzymatically Degradable Scaffolds.

Magdalena Z Gładysz, Didi Ubels, Marcus Koch, Armin Amirsadeghi, Frederique Alleblas, Sander van Vliet, Marleen Kamperman, Jeroen Siebring, Anika Nagelkerke, Małgorzata K Włodarczyk-Biegun

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Advanced healthcare materials, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. EngineeringSynthetic and systems biotechnology · 2026
    Article
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Magdalena Z GładyszPolymer Science, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, 9747 AG, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0001-5085-5582
Didi UbelsPolymer Science, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, 9747 AG, The Netherlands.ORCID 0009-0009-8520-0573
Marcus KochINM-Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.
Armin AmirsadeghiPolymer Science, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, 9747 AG, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0003-0799-7870
Frederique AlleblasPharmaceutical Analysis, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 196, XB20, Groningen, 9700 AD, The Netherlands.
Sander van VlietBioconversion and Fermentation Technology, Research Centre Biobased Economy, Hanze University of Applied Sciences, Zernikeplein 11, Groningen, 9747 AS, The Netherlands.
Marleen KampermanPolymer Science, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, 9747 AG, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-0520-4534
Jeroen SiebringBioconversion and Fermentation Technology, Research Centre Biobased Economy, Hanze University of Applied Sciences, Zernikeplein 11, Groningen, 9747 AS, The Netherlands.ORCID 0009-0009-2438-4719
Anika NagelkerkePharmaceutical Analysis, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 196, XB20, Groningen, 9700 AD, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-7541-588X
Małgorzata K Włodarczyk-BiegunPolymer Science, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, 9747 AG, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0003-1419-6166

Funding

European Regional Development FundNederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek VI.Veni.192.148
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Melt electrowriting (MEW) enables precise scaffold fabrication for biomedical applications. With a limited number of processable materials with short and tunable degradation times, polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) present an interesting option. Here, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) and a blend of PHBV and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate) (PHBV+P34HB) are successfully melt electrowritten into scaffolds with various architectures. PHBV+P34HB exhibits greater thermal stability, making it a superior printing material compared to PHBV in MEW. The PHBV+P34HB scaffolds subjected to enzymatic degradation show tunable degradation times, governed by enzyme dilution, incubation time, and scaffold surface area. PHBV+P34HB scaffolds seeded with human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs), demonstrate enhanced cell adherence, proliferation, and spreading. The HDFs, when exposed to the enzyme solutions and enzymatic degradation residues, show good viability and proliferation rates. Additionally, HDFs grown on enzymatically pre-incubated scaffolds do not show any difference in behavior compared those grown on control scaffolds. It is concluded that PHAs, as biobased materials with enzymatically tunable degradability rates, are an important addition to the already limited set of materials available for MEW technology.

Indexed as

PolyhydroxyalkanoatesTissue ScaffoldsBiocompatible MaterialsCell ProliferationFibroblastsHumansPolyestersPolyhydroxybutyratesTissue EngineeringBiocompatible Materialspoly(3-hydroxybutyrate)-co-(3-hydroxyvalerate)PolyestersPolyhydroxyalkanoatesPolyhydroxybutyrates3D printingbiodegradable polymersP34HBpoly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyvalerate)poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐4‐hydroxybutyrate

Identifiers

PMID39533454
PMCPMC11874678

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.