Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39532976›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2024

Characteristics and influencing factors of immunological non-responders in HIV-1-infected patients receiving antiretroviral therapy: a cross-sectional study in Guangxi.

Xianwu Pang, Qin He, Jinghua Huang, Kailing Tang, Ningye Fang, Haomin Xie, Jie Ma, Qiuying Zhu, Guanghua Lan, Shujia Liang

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. KSHV Seropositivity Associates With Impaired Immune Reconstitution in Virally Suppressed HIV.The Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Xianwu PangGuangxi Key Laboratory of Major Infectious Disease Prevention Control and Biosafety Emergency Response, Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention Control and Translation, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
Qin HeGuangxi Key Laboratory of Major Infectious Disease Prevention Control and Biosafety Emergency Response, Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention Control and Translation, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
Jinghua HuangGuangxi Key Laboratory of Major Infectious Disease Prevention Control and Biosafety Emergency Response, Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention Control and Translation, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
Kailing TangGuangxi Key Laboratory of Major Infectious Disease Prevention Control and Biosafety Emergency Response, Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention Control and Translation, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
Ningye FangGuangxi Key Laboratory of Major Infectious Disease Prevention Control and Biosafety Emergency Response, Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention Control and Translation, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
Haomin XieGuangxi Key Laboratory of Major Infectious Disease Prevention Control and Biosafety Emergency Response, Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention Control and Translation, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
Jie MaGuangxi Key Laboratory of Major Infectious Disease Prevention Control and Biosafety Emergency Response, Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention Control and Translation, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
Qiuying ZhuGuangxi Key Laboratory of Major Infectious Disease Prevention Control and Biosafety Emergency Response, Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention Control and Translation, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
Guanghua Lan *Guangxi Key Laboratory of Major Infectious Disease Prevention Control and Biosafety Emergency Response, Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention Control and Translation, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, Guangxi, China. lgh605@163.com.
Shujia Liang *Guangxi Key Laboratory of Major Infectious Disease Prevention Control and Biosafety Emergency Response, Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention Control and Translation, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, Guangxi, China. liangshujia@126.com.

Funding

Guangxi Health and Family Planning Commission Self-Financing Research Program Z-A20220358Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention Control and Translation ZZH2020010Guangxi Key Laboratory of Major Infectious Disease Prevention and Control and Biosafety Emergency Response 21-220-12Guangxi Key Research and Development Program Guike AB19245044Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 2024GXNSFAA010306
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The prevalence of AIDS and mortality rates among HIV-infected individuals in Guangxi remain relatively high, potentially due to impaired CD4 + cell recovery. This study aims to identify factors hindering CD4 + cell recovery in people living with HIV. We conducted a retrospective study on people living with HIV in Guangxi, China, with data collection extending to the end of 2023. CD4 + T cells were categorized into "immunological responders" and "non-responders" based on CD4 + cell recovery after treatment. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze factors associated with the development of immunological non-responders. Recovery of CD4 + T lymphocytes was assessed using the Generalized Additive Mixed Model (GAMM) and Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE). Additionally, multivariate Cox regression identified factors influencing survival rates. Our findings indicated a 52.44% incidence of immunological non-responders after two years of treatment. Factors such as age, sex, education, occupation, infection route, pre-treatment CD4 + T cell count, HIV subtype, and treatment regimen were linked to immunological non-response. Specifically, male gender, education up to high school, farming occupation, heterosexual transmission, CRF01_AE subtype, pre-treatment CD4 + T cell count < 200/µL, and the 3TC + EFV + TDF regimen were identified as significant risk factors. Statistically significant differences in CD4 + T lymphocyte recovery rates were observed among different HIV subtypes (P < 0.05). Beyond age, sex, ethnicity, occupation, subtype, and treatment regimen, being an immunological non-responder was found to be a risk factor for both mortality and accelerated disease progression. The study highlights the complexity of factors affecting CD4 + cell recovery post-HIV treatment in Guangxi and underscores the need for vigilant clinical monitoring of people living with HIV, particularly those with low pre-treatment CD4 + T cell levels.

Indexed as

HIV-1HIV InfectionsAdultAnti-HIV AgentsCD4 Lymphocyte CountCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesChinaCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsYoung AdultAnti-HIV AgentsAntiretroviral therapyHIV-1Immune reconstitutionImmunological non-respondersImmunological responders

Identifiers

PMID39532976
PMCPMC11558013

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.