ArticleNature communications2024
MADS-box encoding gene Tunicate1 positively controls maize yield by increasing leaf number above the ear.
Article in Nature communications, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Atypical E2F transcription factors couple Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 to endosperm cell division and differentiation.Nature plants · 2026Article
- Genome-Wide Association Studies of Agronomic and Yield Traits in Sweet Corn (Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The incomplete dominance of gene expression controlled by Trans-eQTL hotspots contributes to heterosis in maize.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Transcriptional Regulation of Starch Biosynthesis in Sorghum Grain by a MIKC-Type MADS-Box Transcription Factor: An In Vitro Analysis.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Morphological and Phenological Diversity of Pod Corn (Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Optimized planting density and organic fertilizer substitution improve maize yield by enhancing dry matter translocation and grain-filling characteristics.Frontiers in plant science · 2026Article
- Article
- Utilization of MADS-Box genes for agricultural advancement: current insights and future prospects.Molecular biology reports · 2025Review
- Genome assembly and population genomic analysis reveal the genetic basis of popcorn evolution.Plant biotechnology journal · 2025Article
- Intercropping of short- and tall-stature maize decreases lodging risk without yield penalty at high planting density.Frontiers in plant science · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The leaves above the ear serve as a major source of carbohydrates for grain filling in maize. However, increasing the number of leaves above the ear to strengthen the source and improve maize yield remains challenging in modern maize breeding. Here, we clone the causative gene of the quantitative trait locus (QTL) associated with the number of leaves above the ear. The causative gene is the previously reported MADS-box domain-encoding gene Tunicate1 (Tu1), which is responsible for the phenotype of pod corn or Tunicate maize. We show that Tu1 can substantially increase the leaf number above the ear while maintaining the source‒sink balance. A distal upstream 5-base pair (bp) insertion of Tu1 originating from a popcorn landrace enhances its transcription, coregulates its plastochron activators and repressors, and increases the number of leaves above the ear. Field tests demonstrate that the 5-bp insertion of Tu1 can increase grain yields by 11.4% and 9.5% under regular and dense planting conditions, respectively. The discovery of this favorable Tu1 allele from landraces suggests that landraces represent a valuable resource for high-yield breeding of maize.
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