ArticleBMJ open2024
Intranasal insulin for the treatment of olfactory dysfunction: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Article in BMJ open, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionOlfactory dysfunction (OD) is a prevalent nasal affliction that has detrimental effects on the patients' quality of life and safety. Conventional therapeutic strategies have various limitations such as high costs, prolonged treatment durations and adverse side effects. Intranasal insulin is a novel intervention for the management of OD. To date, few systematic reviews have been conducted to evaluate the efficacy of this intervention. This study aims to critically assess the therapeutic efficacy and safety profile of intranasal insulin administration in patients with OD. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: A systematic literature search will be performed on several databases, including PubMed, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Embase, SinoMed and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), to identify studies investigating the efficacy of intranasal insulin in treating OD. The search will span from database inception to 1 April 2024, including publication in Chinese and English languages. Data will be retrieved from the literature by two independent investigators. Subsequently, the data will be processed using RevMan V.5.3.5. The meta-analysis will be performed in line with the Cochrane Handbook guidelines. The clinical efficacy and safety of intranasal insulin for OD will be appraised based on various outcomes, including overall symptom improvement, the Connecticut Chemosensory Clinical Research Center score, variations in serum glucose levels, body mass index variations and the incidence of adverse events. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This will be a systematic review of available literature; thus, no ethical clearance is required. The results of this study will be shared through journal publication or presented at an academic conference. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: According to the guidelines, our systematic review protocol was registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) on 16 May 2024 (registration number CRD42024543438).
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Registered trials
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