ArticleRadiology2024
Aquaporin-4 Immunoglobulin G-seropositive Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder MRI Characteristics: Data Analysis from the International Real-World PAMRINO Study Cohort.
Abstract readMulticenter Study
In one paragraph
Article in Radiology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Characteristics of MRI lesions in AQP4 antibody-positive NMOSD, MOGAD, and multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of neurology · 2025Pooled it
- Use of MRI in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease - MAGNIMS consensus recommendations.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2026Review
- Longitudinal Spinal Cord Atrophy in Patients With Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder and Its Association With Rituximab Treatment.Neurology · 2026Article
- Immunotherapy for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: a comparative analysis of efficacy and safety of azathioprine, mycophenolate mofetil, tacrolimus, and rituximab.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Brain volumetry and spinal cord imaging in patients with AQP4-IgG+ NMOSD-a systematic review and meta-analysis.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
45 authors.
Claudia Chien *From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1.ORCID 0000-0001-8280-9513
Vera Cruz E Silva *From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1.ORCID 0000-0002-2499-8704
Emanuel GeiterFrom the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1.
Dominik MeierFrom the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1.ORCID 0009-0000-3498-6347
Hanna ZimmermannFrom the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1.ORCID 0000-0002-0276-8051
Denis B BichuettiFrom the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1.ORCID 0000-0002-4011-3734
Marcos I IdagawaFrom the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1.ORCID 0000-0001-9032-9712
Ayse AltintasFrom the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1.ORCID 0000-0002-8524-5087
Uygur TanriverdiFrom the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1.ORCID 0000-0002-7770-9179
Sasitorn SirithoFrom the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1.ORCID 0000-0002-2562-697X
Lehka PanditFrom the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1.ORCID 0000-0002-2269-5312
Anitha DcunhaFrom the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1.ORCID 0000-0001-5646-9930
Maria J SáFrom the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1.ORCID 0000-0003-0825-2977
Rita FigueiredoFrom the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1.ORCID 0009-0008-2865-0888
Peiqing QianFrom the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1.
Caryl TongcoFrom the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1.
Itay LotanFrom the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1.ORCID 0000-0002-4015-9783
Vadim KhasminskyFrom the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1.ORCID 0000-0002-2151-7426
Mark A HellmannFrom the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1.
Hadas Stiebel-KalishFrom the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1.ORCID 0000-0001-7715-6706
Dalia L RotsteinFrom the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1.
Lindsay WaxmanFrom the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1.
Daniel OntanedaFrom the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1.
Kunio NakamuraFrom the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1.ORCID 0000-0002-7833-8138
Hesham AbboudFrom the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1.ORCID 0000-0001-5346-8254
M Omar SubeiFrom the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1.
Yang Mao-DraayerFrom the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1.
Joachim HavlaFrom the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1.ORCID 0000-0002-4386-1340
Nasrin AsgariFrom the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1.ORCID 0000-0001-8551-0947
Pernille B SkejøFrom the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1.
Ilya KisterFrom the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1.
Marius RingelsteinFrom the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1.ORCID 0000-0003-3618-8407
Simon BroadleyFrom the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1.ORCID 0000-0002-9429-4307
Simon ArnettFrom the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1.ORCID 0000-0003-4582-1171
Brie MarronFrom the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1.ORCID 0009-0002-6272-8390
Anna M JolleyFrom the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1.ORCID 0009-0002-6749-0940
Michael WunderlichFrom the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1.
Sean GreenFrom the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1.ORCID 0009-0008-4193-966X
Lawrence J CookFrom the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1.ORCID 0000-0001-9085-0428
Michael R YeamanFrom the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1.ORCID 0000-0002-9468-5252
Terry J SmithFrom the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1.ORCID 0000-0002-6279-9685
Alexander U BrandtFrom the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1.
Jens Wuerfel *From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1.ORCID 0000-0002-0034-8053
Friedemann Paul *From the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1.
Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation International Clinical Consortium for NMOSDFrom the Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin & Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.); NeuroCure Clinical Research Ctr (C.C., H.Z., A.U.B., J.W., F.P.), Dept of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany (C.C.); Medical Image Analysis Center, Basel, Switzerland (V.C.e.S., E.G., D.M.); Paulista School of Medicine, Dept of Neurology and Neurosurgery (D.B.B.), Dept of Diagnostic Imaging, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (M.I.I.); Koc Univ, School of Medicine Neurology Dept and Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Neurology Dept, Istanbul, Turkey (A.A.); Dept of Neurology, Istanbul Univ, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey (U.T.); Div of Neurology, Dept of Medicine, Siriraj Hosp, Mahidol Univ, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Bumrungrad International Hosp, Bangkok, Thailand (S.S.); Center for Advanced Neurologic Research, KS Hegde Medical Academy, Nitte Univ, Mangalore, India (L.P., A.D.); Dept of Neurology, Hosp de S. João, Al. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal (M.J.S., R.F.); MS Center at Swedish Neuroscience Inst, Seattle, Wash (P.Q., C.T.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology Clinic, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel (I.L.); Sackler Faculty of Medicine & Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (I.L., H.S.K.); Dept of Radiology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (V.K.); Dept of Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hosp, Israel, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel (M.A.H.); Neuro-Ophthalmology Div, Dept of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel (H.S.K.); Div of Neurology, Univ of Toronto, St Michael's Hosp, Toronto, Canada (D.L.R., L.W.); Mellen Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (D.O.), Dept of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (K.N.); Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Program, Univ Hosps of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve Univ School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (H.A., M.O.S.); Michigan Inst for Neurologic Disorders, Farmington Hills, Mich (Y.M.D.); Inst of Clinical Neuroimmunology, LMU Hosp, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität München, Munich, Germany (J.H.); Dept of Neurology, Slagelse Hosps, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Insts of Regional Health Research & Molecular Medicine, Univ of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark (N.A.); Dept of Radiology, Aleris Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark (P.B.S.); NYU Multiple Sclerosis Comprehensive Care Center, Dept of Neurology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY (I.K.); Dept of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine Univ Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (M.R.); School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith Univ, Queensland, Australia (S.B., S.A.); Dept of Neurology, Gold Coast Univ Hosp, Queensland, Australia (S.A.); Dept of Pediatrics, Univ of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (B.M., A.M.J., M.W., S.G., L.J.C.); Dept of Medicine, Divs of Molecular Medicine & Infectious Diseases, and Ludquist Inst for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, Calif (M.R.Y.); Dept of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, Calif (M.R.Y.); Depts of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Div of Metabolism, Endocrine and Diabetes, Dept of Internal Medicine, Univ of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Mich (T.J.S.); Hoffmann-LaRoche, Basel, Switzerland (J.W.); Dept of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany (F.P.); Affiliated author members of the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (GJCF) International Clinical Consortium (ICC) for NMOSD are listed in Appendix S1.
Funding
Systems Epigenomics of Persistent Bloodstream InfectionU19AI172713 · NIAID · LUNDQUIST INSTITUTE FOR BIOMEDICAL INNOVATION AT HARBOR-UCLA MEDICAL CENTER · PI Michael R Yeaman · 2023 to 2026
$11.6MSystems Immunolobiology of Antibiotic-Persistent MRSA InfectionU01AI124319 · NIAID · LUNDQUIST INSTITUTE FOR BIOMEDICAL INNOVATION AT HARBOR-UCLA MEDICAL CENTER · PI YEAMAN, MICHAEL R · 2016 to 2020
$10.1MCentral Vein Sign: A Diagnostic Biomarker in Multiple SclerosisU01NS116776 · NINDS · CLEVELAND CLINIC LERNER COM-CWRU · PI ONTANEDA, DANIEL, SATI, PASCAL · 2020 to 2024
$7.1MREGULATION OF RETROOCULAR CONNECTIVE TISSUER01EY008976 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI SMITH, TERRY J · 1993 to 2020
$6.4MUniversity of Michigan Clinical Autoimmunity Center of ExcellenceUM1AI144298 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI FOX, DAVID ALAN, KHANNA, DINESH · 2019 to 2023
$546kUniversity of Michigan Autoimmunity Center of Excellence, Clinical Research ProgrUM1AI110557 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI FOX, DAVID ALAN · 2014 to 2018
$543kNEI NIH HHS R01 EY008976NIAID NIH HHS U01 AI124319NIAID NIH HHS U19 AI172713NIAID NIH HHS UM1 AI110557NIAID NIH HHS UM1 AI144298NINDS NIH HHS U01 NS116776
Abstract
Background Patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) are often seropositive for antibodies against aquaporin-4 (AQP4). The importance of MRI monitoring in this disease requires evaluation. Purpose To profile MRI features from a large international cohort with AQP4 immunoglobulin G (IgG)-seropositive NMOSD (from the Parallel MRI in NMOSD [PAMRINO] study) and to evaluate and confirm existing knowledge regarding the incidence, location, and longitudinal development of characteristic lesions in the central nervous system associated with AQP4-IgG-seropositive NMOSD. Materials and Methods In this retrospective study (from August 2016 to January 2019), MRI and clinical data were collected from 17 NMOSD expert sites in 11 countries across four continents. Clinical features and lesions identified at cross-sectional and longitudinal MRI were assessed. No formal statistical tests were used to compare observations; however, means, SDs, and 95% CIs are reported when evaluating lesion frequencies. Results Available T1-weighted and T2-weighted MRI scans in patients with AQP4-IgG-seropositive NMOSD (
Indexed as
Aquaporin 4Immunoglobulin GMagnetic Resonance ImagingNeuromyelitis OpticaAdolescentAdultAgedCohort StudiesCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesYoung AdultAQP4 protein, humanAquaporin 4Immunoglobulin G
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