ArticleEmerging infectious diseases2024
Azithromycin Resistance Patterns in Escherichia coli and Shigella before and after COVID-19, Kenya.
Article in Emerging infectious diseases, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Cross-sectoral antimicrobial resistance patterns ofVeterinary world · 2026Article
- From Widespread Use to Loss of Effectiveness: The Consequences of Inappropriate Azithromycin Prescriptions During the COVID-19 Pandemic-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of microbiology · 2026Review
- Epidemiological Characteristics, Antibiotic Resistance Patterns and Genomic Analysis ofAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Prevalence of azithromycin resistance after the COVID-19 era in clinical bacterial isolates from a tertiary care hospital in Gurugram, India.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Redesigning Surveillance through the Global Emerging Infections Surveillance Program.Emerging infectious diseases · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
17 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Escherichia coli and Shigella spp. are leading bacterial causes of acute diarrhea in sub-Saharan Africa and pose risks to global communities, travelers, and the US military. Increasing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in those and other enteric pathogens creates treatment challenges for clinicians. Inappropriate use of antimicrobial drugs, such as azithromycin for viral respiratory infections, increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. We evaluated AMR trends of 116 E. coli and 109 Shigella spp. isolates obtained from 1,672 pre-COVID-19 (2017-2019) and 1,118 post-COVID-19 (2022-2023) human fecal samples from Kenya. Azithromycin resistance increased significantly from before to after COVID-19, from 6.3% to 40.4% (p = 0.001). Phenotypic AMR profiles from a subset of isolates were compared with genotypic AMR information derived from whole genome sequencing. The most common AMR gene detected was the macrolide mph(A) gene. This study highlights the need for continued AMR surveillance.
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