ArticleAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)2025
Intrinsic PD-L1 Degradation Induced by a Novel Self-Assembling Hexapeptide for Enhanced Cancer Immunotherapy.
Article in Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Programmable next-generation supramolecular self-assembled materials as drug delivery systems.Bioactive materials · 2026Review
- Self-assembled nanoplatforms for cancer immunotherapy: Principles, progress and perspectives.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Review
- Strategies to target PD-1/PD-L1 in the tumor microenvironment.Cellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands) · 2026Review
- Post-translational modifications of cancer immune checkpoints: mechanisms and therapeutic strategies.Molecular cancer · 2025Review
- Advances in precision oncology using patient-derived organoids and functional biomaterials.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Review
- Intrinsic PD-L1 Degradation Induced by a Novel Self-Assembling Hexapeptide for Enhanced Cancer Immunotherapy.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- From Bench to Bedside in Emerging Therapies for Gynecological Malignancies: A Narrative Review.Cancer control : journal of the Moffitt Cancer CenterReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is a critical immune checkpoint protein that facilitates tumor immune evasion. While antibody-based PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors have shown promise, their limitations necessitate the development of alternative therapeutic strategies. This work addresses these challenges by developing a hexapeptide, KFM (Lys-Phe-Met-Phe-Met-Lys), capable of both directly downregulating PD-L1 and self-assembling into a ROS-responsive supramolecular hydrogel. This dual functionality allows Gel KFM to function as a localized drug delivery system and a PD-L1 inhibitor. Loading the hydrogel with mitoxantrone (MTX) and metformin (MET) further enhances the therapeutic effect by combining chemotherapy with PD-L1 downregulation. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrate significant tumor growth inhibition, increased CD8+ T cell infiltration, and reduced intratumoral PD-L1 expression following peritumoral administration. Mechanistically, KFM promotes PD-L1 degradation via a ubiquitin-dependent pathway. This "carrier-free" delivery system expands the role of supramolecular hydrogels beyond passive carriers to active immunotherapeutic agents, offering a promising new strategy for cancer therapy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.