Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39530209›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of psychology : Journal international de psychologie2025

Getting started with the graded response model: An introduction and tutorial in R.

Rizqy Amelia Zein, Hanif Akhtar

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of psychology : Journal international de psychologie, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  4. Further Development and Validation of a Measure of Compassionate Healthcare in Action.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Rizqy Amelia ZeinDepartment of Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7840-0299
Hanif AkhtarFaculty of Psychology, Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang, Malang, Indonesia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1388-7347

Funding

Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst 91803023
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This tutorial introduces the graded response model (GRM), a tool for testing measurement precision within the item response theory (IRT) paradigm, which is useful for informing researchers about the item and person properties of their measurement. The tutorial aims to guide applied researchers through a unidimensional GRM analysis in the R environment, using the psych, mirt and ggmirt packages. GRM is specifically designed to examine the psychometric properties of psychological scales with polytomous (Likert-style) items. The tutorial illustrates the procedure using data from the Open Psychometrics Database on the right-wing authoritarianism (RWA) scale, outlining the theoretical underpinnings of GRM and steps for data preparation, testing model assumptions, model fitting, plotting item parameters and interpretation of results.

Indexed as

PsychometricsAuthoritarianismHumansModels, PsychologicalModels, StatisticalSoftwareggmirtGraded response modelItem response theorymirtpsychR

Identifiers

PMID39530209
PMCPMC11626089

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.