ArticleDiabetes, obesity & metabolism2025
The cumulative impact of type 2 diabetes and obstructive sleep apnoea on cardiovascular, liver, diabetes-related and cancer outcomes.
Article in Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Association between obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and the risk of diabetic retinopathy: a meta-analysis of cohort studies.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Pooled it
- Role of miR-34a/KLF4 axis in podocyte injury and obesity-related glomerulopathy with preliminary observations in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.Current urology · 2026Article
- Deleterious impact of obstructive sleep apnea on autonomic nervous system control during rapid-eye-movement sleep in adult type 1 diabetes.Physiological reports · 2026Article
- Physiological phenotypes of obstructive sleep apnea identified by cluster analysis: Association with type 2 diabetes.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2026Article
- Anti-Obesity Pharmacotherapy and Emerging Multimodal Interventions for Obstructive Sleep Apnea.Chronic diseases and translational medicine · 2026Review
- Obstructive sleep apnea a synergistic health risk in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional analytical study using STOP-BANG questionnaire in a tertiary care teaching hospital of Eastern Odisha.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2026Article
- Recent Advances in the Study of Diabetic Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- Obstructive sleep apnea in type 2 diabetes: prevalence and limitations of the Berlin questionnaire and Epworth sleepiness scale in identifying high-risk patients.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2025Article
- The cumulative impact of type 2 diabetes and obstructive sleep apnoea on cardiovascular, liver, diabetes-related and cancer outcomes.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Article
- The association between obstructive sleep apnoea and diabetic peripheral neuropathy in subjects with type 2 diabetes.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Impaired sleep efficiency predicts adverse prognosis in elderly pancreatic cancer patients: a retrospective case - control study based on wearable smart devices.American journal of translational research · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimA bidirectional relationship exists between obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). We aimed to examine the cumulative impact of having both OSA and T2D on patient outcomes, relative to having either condition alone. MATERIALS AND
methodsUsing TriNetX, a global federated research network (n = 128 million), we undertook two retrospective cohort studies, using time-to-event analysis. Analysis 1 compared OSA with T2D versus OSA alone; analysis 2 compared T2D with OSA versus T2D alone. Propensity score matching using greedy nearest neighbour (calliper 0.1) balanced the cohorts (1:1) for significant covariates. Primary outcomes were cardiovascular, liver, diabetes-related (microvascular) and cancer events over 1-5 years.
resultsAnalysis 1 (n = 179 688): A codiagnosis of T2D/OSA significantly increased risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR] 1.52; confidence interval [CI]: 1.48, 1.57), dementia (HR 1.19; CI: 1.12, 1.26), liver (HR 2.20; CI: 1.77, 2.73), pancreatic (HR 1.62; CI: 1.35, 1.93), colon, renal and endometrial cancers; all cardiovascular, microvascular and liver related outcomes versus OSA alone over 1-5 5 years following OSA diagnosis. Analysis 2 (n = 240 094): A codiagnosis of OSA/T2D significantly increased the risk of peripheral (HR 1.39; CI: 1.36, 1.43) and autonomic (HR 1.63; CI: 1.51, 1.75) neuropathy; retinopathy (HR 1.13; CI: 1.09, 1.18), CKD (HR 1.21; CI: 1.18, 1.23); all cardiovascular and liver outcomes; all-cause mortality and several obesity related cancers versus T2D alone.
conclusionsT2D significantly potentiates risk of cardiovascular, malignancy and liver-related outcomes in individuals with OSA. OSA, in individuals with T2D, significantly potentiates risk of cardiovascular disease, malignancy, death and several microvascular complications (retinopathy, CKD, peripheral/autonomic neuropathy).
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