Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39528810›Full record

ReviewNature immunology2024

Immune drivers of pain resolution and protection.

Sara Hakim, Aakanksha Jain, Clifford J Woolf

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Nature immunology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Bioactive Potential ofPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
  5. Opioid Signaling in Multiple Sclerosis: Emerging Targets for Repair.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Peripheral nerve injury reduces macrophage efferocytosis to facilitate neuropathic pain.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Mechanism-based nonopioid analgesic targets.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025
    Review
  19. Review
  20. Pain mechanism and management strategy of rheumatoid arthritis.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2025
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Sara Hakim *F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0091-1221
Aakanksha Jain *F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9602-4987
Clifford J WoolfF.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. clifford.woolf@childrens.harvard.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6636-3897

Funding

Unravelling Mechanisms and Novel Therapeutic Targets for Peripheral Neuropathy and Neuropathic Pain (Diversity Supplement)R35NS105076 · NINDS · BOSTON CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL · PI WOOLF, CLIFFORD J · 2018 to 2025
$9.5M
Elucidating the neuroimmune mechanisms underlying pain and inflammation in autoimmune arthritis (Admin Supplement)K99AR083482 · NIAMS · BOSTON CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL · PI JAIN, AAKANKSHA · 2023 to 2025
$316k
The Role of Sciatic Nerve Inflammation in Diabetic NeuropathyF31NS127357 · NINDS · HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL · PI HAKIM, SARA · 2022 to 2023
$76k
NINDS NIH HHS R35 NS105076U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS) 1K99AR083482-01U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) F31NS127357
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Immune cells are involved in the pathogenesis of pain by directly activating or sensitizing nociceptor sensory neurons. However, because the immune system also has the capacity to self-regulate through anti-inflammatory mechanisms that drive the resolution of inflammation, it might promote pain resolution and prevention. Here, we describe how immune cell-derived cytokines can act directly on sensory neurons to inhibit pain hypersensitivity and how immune-derived endogenous opioids promote analgesia. We also discuss how immune cells support healthy tissue innervation by clearing debris after nerve injury, protecting against axon retraction from target tissues and enhancing regeneration, preventing the development of chronic neuropathic pain. Finally, we review the accumulating evidence that manipulating immune activity positively alters somatosensation, albeit with currently unclear molecular and cellular mechanisms. Exploration of immune-mediated analgesia and pain prevention could, therefore, be important for the development of novel immune therapies for the treatment of clinical pain states.

Indexed as

CytokinesAnimalsHumansInflammationNeuralgiaNociceptorsPainSensory Receptor CellsCytokines

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.