ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2024
Survey-based inference of continental African elephant decline.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Knowledge transmission, culture and the consequences of social disruption in wild elephants.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Persistence Vulnerability of the African Savanna ElephantEcology and evolution · 2026Article
- How illegal wildlife trade adheres to and defies conventional market behavior.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- A practical framework for identifying genetic subpopulations and ESUs: Insights for IUCN assessments and broader management.Bioscience · 2026Article
- Fence Removal Enhances Elephant Movement and Promotes Behavioural, Physiological and Ecological Functioning.Ecology and evolution · 2026Article
- Assessing Ecological Connectivity forEcology and evolution · 2026Article
- Determinants of Seasonal Elephant Habitat Use in Small and Enclosed Conservation Area: Mwea National Reserve, Kenya.Ecology and evolution · 2026Article
- The genomic impact of population connectivity and decline in Africa's elephants.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Visual body condition scoring for wild African forest elephants (African journal of ecology · 2025Article
- Energy landscapes direct the movement preferences of elephants.The Journal of animal ecology · 2025Article
- Survey-based inference of continental African elephant decline.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Long-term quantification of temporal species trends is fundamental to the assignment of conservation status, which in turn is critical for planning and targeting management interventions. However, monitoring effort and methodologies can change over the assessment period, resulting in heterogeneous data that are difficult to interpret. Here, we develop a hierarchical, random effects Bayesian model to estimate site-level trends in density of African elephants from geographically disparate survey data. The approach treats the density trend per site as a random effect and estimates a parametric distribution of these trends for each partitioning of the data. Data were available from 475 sites, in 37 countries, between 1964 and 2016 (a total of 1,325 surveys). We implemented the model separately and in combination for the African forest (
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Registered trials
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