Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39527154›Full record

ArticleEuropean child & adolescent psychiatry2025

Stimulant medication and symptom interrelations in children, adolescents and adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Zarah van der Pal, Hilde M Geurts, Jonas M B Haslbeck, Alex van Keeken, Anne Marijn Bruijn, Linda Douw, Daan van Rooij, Barbara Franke, Jan Buitelaar, Nanda Lambregts-Rommelse and 7 more

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In one paragraph

Article in European child & adolescent psychiatry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors.

Zarah van der PalDepartment of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. z.vanderpal@amsterdamumc.nl.
Hilde M GeurtsDivision of Brain & Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Jonas M B HaslbeckDepartment of Psychological Methods, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Alex van KeekenDepartment of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Anne Marijn BruijnDepartment of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Linda DouwDepartment of Anatomy & Neurosciences, Amsterdam University Medical Center Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Daan van RooijDonders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Barbara FrankeDepartment of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Jan BuitelaarDonders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Nanda Lambregts-RommelseDonders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Donders Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Catharina HartmanDepartment of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Jaap OosterlaanDepartment of Clinical Neuropsychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Marjolein LumanDepartment of Clinical Neuropsychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Liesbeth RenemanDepartment of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Pieter J HoekstraDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Groningen-University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Tessa F Blanken *Department of Psychological Methods, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Anouk Schrantee *Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Funding

Amsterdam Public Health Personalized Medicine GrantHorizon 2020 Grant 847818Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek Veni grant (016.196.153)
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Stimulant medication is effective in alleviating overall symptom severity of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), yet interindividual variability in treatment response and tolerability still exists. While network analysis has identified differences in ADHD symptom relations, the impact of stimulant medication remains unexplored. Increased understanding of this association could provide valuable insights for optimizing treatment approaches for individuals with ADHD. In this study, we compared and characterized ADHD symptom networks (including 18 ADHD symptoms) between stimulant-treated (n = 348) and untreated (n = 70) individuals with ADHD and non-ADHD controls (NACs; n = 444). Moreover, we compared symptom networks between subgroups defined by their stimulant treatment trajectory (early-and-intense use, late-and-moderate use). Stimulant-treated individuals with ADHD showed stronger associations between symptoms, compared with untreated individuals with ADHD and NACs. We found no differences in symptom networks between the stimulant treatment trajectory subgroups. Prospective longitudinal studies are needed to disentangle whether the identified differences stem from treatment or pre-existing factors.

Indexed as

Attention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityCentral Nervous System StimulantsAdolescentAdultChildFemaleHumansMaleYoung AdultCentral Nervous System StimulantsAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorderPsychopharmacologyStimulant medicationSymptom networks

Identifiers

PMID39527154
PMCPMC12198274

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.