Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39526509›Full record

ArticleSmall (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)2025

Magnetically Propelled Microrobots toward Photosynthesis of Green Ammonia from Nitrates.

Apabrita Mallick, Jeonghyo Kim, Martin Pumera

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Apabrita MallickAdvanced Nanorobots & Multiscale Robotics Laboratory, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 2172/15, Ostrava, 708 00, Czech Republic.
Jeonghyo KimAdvanced Nanorobots & Multiscale Robotics Laboratory, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 2172/15, Ostrava, 708 00, Czech Republic.
Martin PumeraAdvanced Nanorobots & Multiscale Robotics Laboratory, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 2172/15, Ostrava, 708 00, Czech Republic.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5846-2951

Funding

Large Research Infrastructure ENREGAT supported by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic LM2023056MSCA Fellowships CZ CZ.02.01.01/00/22_010/0006136REFRESH -Research Excellence For REgion Sustainability and High-tech Industries CZ.10.03.01/00/22_003/0000048
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Ammonia (NH₃) production is a critical industrial process, as ammonia is a key component in fertilizers, essential for global agriculture and food production. However, the current method of synthesizing ammonia, the Haber-Bosch process, is highly energy-intensive, and relies on fossil fuels, contributing substantially to greenhouse gas emissions. Moreover, the centralized nature of the Haber-Bosch process limits its accessibility in remote or resource-limited areas. Photochemical synthesis of ammonia, provides an alternate lower energy, carbon-free pathway compared to the prevailing industrial methods. The photoconversion of nitrate anions, often present in wastewater, offers a greener, more sustainable, and energy-efficient route for both ammonia-generation and wastewater treatment. Photochemical and chemical synthesis of ammonia requires intensive mass-transfer processes, which limits the efficiency of the method. To change the game, in this work, a key new technology of ammonia-generation, a catalytic ammonia generation (AmmoGen) microrobot, which converts nitrate to ammonia using renewable light energy is reported. The magnetic propulsion of the AmmoGen microrobots significantly enhances mass-transfer, and expedites the photosynthesis of ammonia. Overall, this "proof-of-concept" study demonstrates that microrobots can aid in catalytic small molecule activation and generation of value-added products; and are envisaged to pave the way toward new sustainable technologies for catalysis.

Indexed as

ammoniamagnetically drivenmicrorobotsnitrate reductionphotosynthesis

Identifiers

PMID39526509
PMCPMC11983241

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.