Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39525148›Full record

ArticleCureus2024

Exploring Screen Time and Its Effects on Children's Mental Health: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Walaa Mulla, Wadeea Ahmed, Maryam Radhi, Huda Alaali, Ghufran Alwazeer, Fatema Yusuf, Ghaida Alsuhim, Atheer Al Suhaym, Walaa Alahmari, Mohamed Abdulla and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cureus, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Walaa MullaPsychiatry, Psychiatry Hospital, Manama, BHR.
Wadeea AhmedGeneral Practice, Al Ghareeb Medical Center, Riffa, BHR.
Maryam RadhiCollege of Medicine, National University of Science and Technology, Muscat, OMN.
Huda AlaaliGeneral Practice, Dr Suhair Al Saad Medical Centre, Sanad, BHR.
Ghufran AlwazeerMedical Laboratories, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Manama, BHR.
Fatema YusufCollege of Medicine, National University of Science and Technology, Muscat, OMN.
Ghaida AlsuhimCollege of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, SAU.
Atheer Al SuhaymCollege of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, SAU.
Walaa AlahmariCollege of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, SAU.
Mohamed AbdullaCollege of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, CHN.
Eman YusufPsychiatry, Psychiatry Hospital, Manama, BHR.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background The increasing prevalence of screen-based activities among children has raised concerns about potential mental health effects. This study investigates the relationship between screen time and mental health outcomes in children aged 6 to 14 years in Saudi Arabia and Bahrain, focusing on emotional symptoms, conduct problems, hyperactivity, peer problems, and depressive symptoms. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted with 670 children recruited through stratified random sampling. Data were collected using self-reported questionnaires and parental surveys from January to June 2024. Screen time was assessed across four activities: TV viewing, smartphone usage, computer/tablet use, and video game playing, recorded separately for weekdays and weekends. Mental health was evaluated using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI). Descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation coefficients were used to analyze the data. Results Participants reported a mean total screen time of 7.25 ± 2.4 hours on weekdays and 8.4 ± 2.65 hours on weekends. Smartphone usage (2.75 ± 1.3 hours/day) was the most common activity. Emotional symptoms, conduct problems and depressive symptoms were significantly correlated with both weekday and weekend total screen time (weekday r = 0.43, r = 0.31, and r = 0.49, respectively, p < 0.001; weekend r = 0.47, r = 0.33, and r = 0.54, respectively, p < 0.001). Smartphone usage had the strongest association with depressive symptoms (r = 0.46, p < 0.001). Conclusion This study identifies a significant positive correlation between increased screen time and adverse mental health outcomes in children, particularly emotional symptoms and depressive symptoms. The findings emphasize the need for public health strategies to manage screen time and promote healthier digital habits to mitigate the potential negative effects on children's mental health.

Indexed as

bahrainchildren's depression inventorychildren's mental healthconduct problemscross-sectional studydepressive symptomsemotional symptomssaudi arabiascreen timestrengths and difficulties questionnaire

Identifiers

PMID39525148
PMCPMC11549943

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.