A literature review of contacting force measurement methods for pedestrian crowds.

Rongyong Zhao, Arifur Rahman, Bingyu Wei, Cuiling Li, Yunlong Ma, Yuxing Cai, Lingchen Han

Abstract readReview

In one paragraph

Review in Heliyon, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Rongyong ZhaoSchool of Electronic and Information Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, China.

Arifur RahmanSchool of Electronic and Information Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, China.

Bingyu WeiSchool of Electronic and Information Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, China.

Cuiling LiSchool of Electronic and Information Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, China.

Yunlong MaSchool of Electronic and Information Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, China.

Yuxing CaiSchool of Electronic and Information Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, China.

Lingchen HanSchool of Electronic and Information Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This article reviewed state-of-the-art achievements in pedestrian contacting force measurement as a hotspot survey closer to ground truth supporting pedestrian dynamics in mass-gathering environments. It analyzed different forces acting on pedestrian bodies, including normal external forces, self-driven forces, abnormal external forces, and pedestrian motion constraint forces from other obstacles, besides the crowding posture on the force distribution. This review covered main methodologies: sophisticated pressure sensors, modern technology for pedestrian motion-capturing systems, and advanced numerical simulations. Further, this paper summarized key findings from recent studies related to pedestrian contacting or crowding forces. It was found that despite significant advances, study achievements are mainly limited to different crowding postures, such as experiments regarding controlled environments in flat areas, indoor corridors, staircases, and competitive evacuation drills. Lack of sufficient sensor-based body measurements and contact force measurements on slop roads was analyzed. Finally, future research outlook was outlined, including planned experiments in highly crowded environments.

Indexed as

Crowd dynamicsMotion capture systemNumerical simulationPedestrian contact forcePedestrian safetyPressure measurement sensorSlope micro-road network

Identifiers

PMID39524904

DOI10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e39755

PMCPMC11543874

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.