Trial reportClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2025
Alleviation of COVID-19 Symptoms and Reduction in Healthcare Utilization Among High-risk Patients Treated With Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir (NMV/R): A Phase 3 Randomized Trial.
Trial report in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04960202 (AN INTERVENTIONAL EFFICACY AND SAFETY, PHASE 2/3, DOUBLE-BLIND, 2-ARM STUDY TO INVESTIGATE ORALLY ADMINISTERED PF-07321332/RITONAVIR COMPARED WITH PLACEBO IN NONHOSPITALIZED SYMPTOMATIC ADULT PARTICIPANTS WITH COVID-19 WHO ARE AT INCREASED RISK OF PROGRESSING TO SEVERE ILLNESS), which is not on this map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
An interventional efficacy and safety, phase 2/3, double-blind, 2-arm study to investigate orally administered pf-07321332/ritonavir compared with placebo in nonhospitalized symptomatic adult participants with covid-19 who are at increased risk of progressing to severe illness
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Oral Nirmatrelvir-Ritonavir for Covid-19 in Higher-Risk Outpatients.The New England journal of medicine · 2026Trial
- Potential Drug-Drug Interactions With Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir Among Long-Term Care Facility Residents.Journal of the American Medical Directors Association · 2026Article
- Distinguishing common respiratory pathogens using machine learning of symptom profiles to prioritize diagnostic testing.PLOS digital health · 2026Article
- Article
- Article
- Antivirals Targeting Coronavirus RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase and Main Protease: From Mechanisms of Action to Outcomes in COVID-19 Clinical Trials.Microbial biotechnology · 2026Review
- Observational
- Impact of Risk Stacking on COVID-19-Related Healthcare Utilization: A Real-World Retrospective Cohort Study.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2026Article
- Symptom Alleviation/Resolution and Returns to Usual Health/Activities in Immunocompromised Adults with COVID-19 Treated with Nirmatrelvir-Ritonavir: Results from the EPIC-IC Trial.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2025Article
- Patient-Reported Outcomes of Nirmatrelvir Treatment for High-Risk, Nonhospitalized Adults With Symptomatic COVID-19.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- COVID-19 Pandemic Waves and 2024-2025 Winter Season in Relation to Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors, Angiotensin Receptor Blockers and Amantadine.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundNirmatrelvir/ritonavir (NMV/r) is an oral antiviral treatment for mild to moderate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
methodsThis phase 2/3, double-blind, randomized (1:1) study assessed oral NMV/r 300 mg/100 mg versus placebo every 12 hours for 5 days in high-risk, unvaccinated, nonhospitalized, symptomatic adults with COVID-19 from 343 sites across 21 countries. In testing the primary endpoint of COVID-19‒related hospitalization and all-cause deaths and key secondary endpoints, including symptom duration and COVID-19‒related medical visits, type I error was controlled with prespecified sequential testing and the Hochberg procedure.
resultsAmong 2113 randomized patients enrolled from July 2021 through December 2021, 1966 (NMV/r, n = 977; placebo, n = 989) were included in the prespecified analysis population (symptom onset ≤5 days, did not receive monoclonal antibodies). NMV/r significantly reduced times to sustained alleviation (median, 13 vs 15 days; hazard ratio = 1.27, P < .0001) and resolution (16 vs 19 days; hazard ratio = 1.20, P = .0022) through day 28 and significantly reduced the number of COVID-19‒related medical visits and the proportion of patients with such visits. Hospitalized patients treated with NMV/r had shorter stays, none required intensive care unit admission or mechanical ventilation, and all were discharged to home/self-care. Fewer NMV/r-treated patients required additional treatment for COVID-19. No NMV/r-treated patients died through week 24 compared with 15 placebo-treated patients.
conclusionsIn addition to reducing COVID-19‒related hospitalization or death from any cause through day 28, NMV/r was found to also reduce duration of COVID-19 symptoms and utilization of healthcare resources versus placebo in patients at high risk of progressing to severe disease. CLINICAL TRIAL INFORMATION: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04960202, https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04960202.
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