Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39523362›Full record

ArticleCancer cell international2024

High CTLA-4 gene expression is an independent good prognosis factor in breast cancer patients, especially in the HER2-enriched subtype.

Yoel G Montoyo-Pujol, José J Ponce, Silvia Delgado-García, Tina A Martín, Hortensia Ballester, Elena Castellón-Molla, Angela Ramos-Montoya, Inmaculada Lozano-Cubo, J Miguel Sempere-Ortells, Gloria Peiró

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In one paragraph

Article in Cancer cell international, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Yoel G Montoyo-PujolResearch Unit, Dr Balmis University General Hospital, and Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Pintor Baeza 12, Alicante, 03010, Spain. montoyo_yoe@isabial.es.
José J PonceMedical Oncology Department, Dr Balmis University General Hospital, and Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Pintor Baeza 12, Alicante, 03010, Spain.
Silvia Delgado-GarcíaGynecology and Obstetrics Department, Dr Balmis University General Hospital, and Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Pintor Baeza 12, Alicante, 03010, Spain.
Tina A MartínGynecology and Obstetrics Department, Dr Balmis University General Hospital, and Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Pintor Baeza 12, Alicante, 03010, Spain.
Hortensia BallesterGynecology and Obstetrics Department, Dr Balmis University General Hospital, and Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Pintor Baeza 12, Alicante, 03010, Spain.
Elena Castellón-MollaPathology Department, Dr Balmis University General Hospital, and Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Pintor Baeza 12, Alicante, 03010, Spain.
Angela Ramos-MontoyaGynecology and Obstetrics Department, Dr Balmis University General Hospital, and Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Pintor Baeza 12, Alicante, 03010, Spain.
Inmaculada Lozano-CuboMedical Oncology Department, Dr Balmis University General Hospital, and Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Pintor Baeza 12, Alicante, 03010, Spain.
J Miguel Sempere-OrtellsResearch Unit, Dr Balmis University General Hospital, and Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Pintor Baeza 12, Alicante, 03010, Spain.
Gloria PeiróResearch Unit, Dr Balmis University General Hospital, and Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Pintor Baeza 12, Alicante, 03010, Spain. peiro_glo@gva.es.

Funding

Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL) NR-180202
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundBreast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer in women and the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. This heterogeneous disease has been historically considered a non-immunogenic type of cancer. However, recent advances in immunotherapy have increased the interest in knowing the role of the immune checkpoints (IC) and other immune regulation pathways in this neoplasia.

methodsIn this retrospective study, we evaluated the correlation of mRNA expression of CTLA-4, PDCD1 (PD1), CD274 (PD-L1), PDCD1LG2 (PD-L2), CD276 (B7-H3), JAK2, and FOXO1 with clinicopathological factors and BC patient's outcome by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR).

resultsOur results showed that immunoregulatory gene expression depends on BC immunophenotype being CTLA-4 and PDCD1 (PD1) overexpressed on triple-negative/basal-like (TN/BL) and luminal B/HER2-positive phenotypes, respectively, and CD276 (B7-H3), JAK2 and FOXO1 associated with both luminal A and luminal B/HER2-negative tumors. In addition, we found that these genes can also be related to aggressive and non-aggressive clinicopathological characteristics in BC. Finally, survival analysis showed that CTLA-4 expression levels emerge as a significant independent factor of good prognosis in BC patients, especially in the HER2-enriched subtype.

conclusionConsidering all these data, we can conclude that the expression of immunoregulatory genes depends on tumor phenotype and has potential clinical implications in BC patients.

Indexed as

Breast carcinomaCTLA-4HER2-enrichedImmune checkpointsmRNA expression

Identifiers

PMID39523362
PMCPMC11552348

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.