Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39522937›Full record

ArticleOsteoarthritis and cartilage2025

Early degenerative changes are different between partial and complete anterior cruciate ligament injury and associate with joint instability in a skeletally immature porcine model.

Danielle Howe, Jacob D Thompson, Stephanie D Teeter, Margaret Easson, Olivia Barlow, Emily H Griffith, Lauren V Schnabel, Jeffrey T Spang, Matthew B Fisher

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In one paragraph

Article in Osteoarthritis and cartilage, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Danielle HoweJoint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA.
Jacob D ThompsonJoint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA.
Stephanie D TeeterJoint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
Margaret EassonJoint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA.
Olivia BarlowDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA.
Emily H GriffithDepartment of Statistics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
Lauren V SchnabelComparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA; Department of Clinical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
Jeffrey T SpangDepartment of Orthopaedics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
Matthew B FisherJoint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA; Department of Orthopaedics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA. Electronic address: mbfisher@ncsu.edu.

Funding

Sex- and Age-dependent ACL Function in the Growing Knee JointR01AR071985 · NIAMS · NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY RALEIGH · PI Matthew B Fisher · 2018 to 2026
$3.6M
Effect of Age, Sex, and Injury on Regional Stresses and Resulting Growth of the Anterior Cruciate LigamentF31AR077997 · NIAMS · NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY RALEIGH · PI HOWE, DANIELLE · 2021 to 2022
$54k
NIAMS NIH HHS F31 AR077997NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR071985
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveAnterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are a major problem in the pediatric and adolescent populations. Some of these injuries are only partial; yet, there is limited data to inform clinical treatment of such partial tears. It is unknown how injury partial injury impacts long-term degenerative changes in the joint relative to complete injury. In this study, we hypothesized that partial (anteromedial (AM) or posterolateral (PL) bundle) tears would result in small levels of instability and degeneration relative to complete ACL tears and that the degree of degeneration would associate with joint instability.

designPartial (isolated AM or PL bundle) or complete ACL injury was arthroscopically created in 3-month-old juvenile pigs. The contralateral limb served as a sham-operated control. Six months after injury, joint biomechanics was assessed along with cartilage and meniscus degeneration (via magnetic resonance imaging [MRI], gross imaging, and histology).

resultsJoint laxity increases were minimal after PL bundle injury (difference relative to controls (confidence interval): 0.5 (-1.2-2.2) mm), minor after AM bundle injury (3.7 (2.0-5.4) mm), and major after ACL injury (15.8 (13.7-17.8) mm). Cartilage MRI T1ρ relaxation times increased minimally after PL bundle injury (-0.9 (-5.1-3.3) ms for lateral tibia), moderately after AM bundle injury (6.6 (1.7-11.4) ms), and substantially after ACL injury (10.8 (2.1-19.5) ms). Changes in meniscus volume followed a similar rank order. Degeneration was associated with the extent of joint destabilization.

conclusionsThese findings suggest that cartilage and meniscus degeneration in the skeletally immature joint are associated with joint laxity after partial and complete ACL injuries.

Indexed as

Anterior Cruciate Ligament InjuriesJoint InstabilityAnimalsAnterior Cruciate LigamentBiomechanical PhenomenaCartilage, ArticularDisease Models, AnimalFemaleKnee JointMagnetic Resonance ImagingMenisci, TibialSwineAnterior cruciate ligamentBiomechanicsOrthopedicsOsteoarthritisPediatrics

Identifiers

PMID39522937
PMCPMC11757048

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.