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ArticleEuropean addiction research2025

Psychometric Evaluation of the Dutch Version of the Substance Use Recovery Evaluator (SURE-NL).

Charlotte Migchels, Wim van den Brink, Amine Zerrouk, Frieda I A Matthys, Clara De Ruysscher, Dries Debeer, Wouter Vanderplasschen, Cleo Lina Crunelle

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in European addiction research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Charlotte MigchelsDepartment of Psychiatry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium, charlotte.migchels@vub.be.
Wim van den BrinkDepartment of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Amine ZerroukDepartment of Special Needs Education, Ghent University (UGent), Ghent, Belgium.
Frieda I A MatthysDepartment of Psychiatry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium.
Clara De RuysscherDepartment of Special Needs Education, Ghent University (UGent), Ghent, Belgium.
Dries DebeerFaculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Ghent University (UGent), Ghent, Belgium.
Wouter VanderplasschenDepartment of Special Needs Education, Ghent University (UGent), Ghent, Belgium.
Cleo Lina CrunelleDepartment of Psychiatry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionPatient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are an important source of information that allow for a patient-centered assessment. Outcome measurement of substance use disorder (SUD) treatment traditionally focuses on drug use and deficits in functioning, overlooking other aspects of the personal and dynamic process of recovery. The substance use recovery evaluator (SURE) is a PROM developed with service user input to monitor the recovery journey and assess treatment outcomes in people with SUD. The objective of this study was to examine the validity and reliability of the Dutch translation of the SURE, the SURE-NL, for measuring indicators of recovery in Dutch-speaking patients with SUD.

methodsThe original SURE questionnaire was translated from English to Dutch using forward-backward translation. A total of N = 171 participants were recruited as part of a naturalistic multicenter study in inpatient (N = 149) and outpatient (N = 22) SUD treatment centers. We examined the factorial structure, reliability, and concurrent and discriminant validity of the SURE-NL.

resultsThe original 5-factor structure of the SURE showed acceptable fit for the SURE-NL, and internal consistencies of the subscales ranged from 0.61 to 0.76; internal consistency of the total score was 0.83. Concurrent validity was confirmed through positive correlations of the SURE-NL total and subscale scores with the WHOQoL-BREF subscales, but correlations varied depending on subscale and treatment setting, with higher correlations for the outpatient compared to the inpatient subgroup. Discriminant validity was confirmed through low, mostly non-significant correlations between the SURE-NL and the DASS-21.

conclusionsAlthough the SURE was originally designed for outpatient settings, our findings in a predominantly inpatient sample indicate that the SURE-NL is suitable for assessing personal recovery and recovery capital in Dutch-speaking Belgian patients with SUD. However, subscales should be used and interpreted with caution. Further research is needed with larger Dutch-speaking outpatient samples and the development of a tailored SURE for inpatient settings should be considered.

introductionPatient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are an important source of information that allow for a patient-centered assessment. Outcome measurement of substance use disorder (SUD) treatment traditionally focuses on drug use and deficits in functioning, overlooking other aspects of the personal and dynamic process of recovery. The substance use recovery evaluator (SURE) is a PROM developed with service user input to monitor the recovery journey and assess treatment outcomes in people with SUD. The objective of this study was to examine the validity and reliability of the Dutch translation of the SURE, the SURE-NL, for measuring indicators of recovery in Dutch-speaking patients with SUD.

methodsThe original SURE questionnaire was translated from English to Dutch using forward-backward translation. A total of N = 171 participants were recruited as part of a naturalistic multicenter study in inpatient (N = 149) and outpatient (N = 22) SUD treatment centers. We examined the factorial structure, reliability, and concurrent and discriminant validity of the SURE-NL.

resultsThe original 5-factor structure of the SURE showed acceptable fit for the SURE-NL, and internal consistencies of the subscales ranged from 0.61 to 0.76; internal consistency of the total score was 0.83. Concurrent validity was confirmed through positive correlations of the SURE-NL total and subscale scores with the WHOQoL-BREF subscales, but correlations varied depending on subscale and treatment setting, with higher correlations for the outpatient compared to the inpatient subgroup. Discriminant validity was confirmed through low, mostly non-significant correlations between the SURE-NL and the DASS-21.

conclusionsAlthough the SURE was originally designed for outpatient settings, our findings in a predominantly inpatient sample indicate that the SURE-NL is suitable for assessing personal recovery and recovery capital in Dutch-speaking Belgian patients with SUD. However, subscales should be used and interpreted with caution. Further research is needed with larger Dutch-speaking outpatient samples and the development of a tailored SURE for inpatient settings should be considered.

Indexed as

Patient Reported Outcome MeasuresPsychometricsSubstance-Related DisordersAdultFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedNetherlandsReproducibility of ResultsSurveys and QuestionnairesTranslationsPatient-reported outcome measuresPsychometric evaluationRecoverySubstance use disorderSubstance use recovery evaluator

Identifiers

PMID39522511
PMCPMC11965845

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.