SynthesisTargeted oncology2025
Delayed Separation of Kaplan-Meier Curves is Commonly Observed in Studies of Advanced/Metastatic Solid Tumors Treated with Anti-PD-(L)1 Therapy: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Synthesis in Targeted oncology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Time-Dependent Comparative Effectiveness of First-Line Treatment for Metastatic Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Restricted Mean Survival Time-Based Network Meta-analysis.Targeted oncology · 2026Pooled it
- Gotistobart or docetaxel in metastatic squamous non-small cell lung cancer: stage 1 of the randomized phase 3 PRESERVE-003 trial.Nature medicine · 2026Trial
- Suvemcitug plus chemotherapy in women with platinum-resistant recurrent ovarian cancer: the SCORES randomized, double-blinded, phase 3 trial.Nature cancer · 2026Trial
- Combining VEGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors and PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors versus VEGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors monotherapy in renal cell carcinoma: a target trial emulation.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- From trial results to bedside decisions: a time-resolved view of CheckMate-9ER.Translational andrology and urology · 2026Article
- Re-evaluating Treatments for Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma Using Restricted Mean Survival Time: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis.European urology open science · 2026Review
- Ensuring Quality and Interpretability of Progression Free Survival and Overall Survival in Oncology Clinical Trials.Therapeutic innovation & regulatory science · 2025Article
- Real-world efficacy of atezolizumab combined with etoposide and platinum chemotherapy in extensive-stage small cell lung cancer: a retrospective cohort study.Journal of thoracic disease · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) Kaplan-Meier (KM) curves often show delayed survival benefit followed by long-term survival in a subgroup of patients. Such outcomes can violate the proportional hazards assumption, leading to a loss of statistical power.
objectiveWe aimed to determine common trends in delayed separation to inform future ICI clinical trials. PATIENTS AND
methodsA literature search was performed using Trialtrove
resultsEighty-five studies with OS/PFS KM curves were identified. Most studies showed delayed separation of OS (> 67.9%) and PFS (> 54.5%) KM curves. The correlation between the duration of delayed separation in OS/PFS KM curves was strongest in the PD-L1 enriched population (adjusted R
conclusionsDelayed separation of KM curves was common in clinical trials of anti-PD-(L)1 agents. Understanding delayed separation is key to clinical study designs and assessing outcomes with ICIs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.