Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39521376›Full record

ArticleChest2025

Trends in All-Cause Mortality Among US Veterans With Sarcoidosis, 2004-2022.

Mohamed I Seedahmed, Mohamed T Albirair, Aaron D Baugh, Walid F Gellad, S Mehdi Nouraie, Kevin F Gibson, Mary A Whooley, Charles E McCulloch, Laura L Koth, Mehrdad Arjomandi

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Chest, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Prognostic impact ofBMC pulmonary medicine · 2026
    Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Mohamed I SeedahmedMedical Service, Pittsburgh Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA. Electronic address: seedahme@pitt.edu.
Mohamed T AlbirairDepartment of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
Aaron D BaughDivision of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Immunology, and Sleep, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.
Walid F GelladMedical Service, Pittsburgh Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA; Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.
S Mehdi NouraieDivision of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.
Kevin F GibsonDivision of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.
Mary A WhooleySan Francisco Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.
Charles E McCullochDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.
Laura L KothDivision of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Immunology, and Sleep, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.
Mehrdad ArjomandiDivision of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Immunology, and Sleep, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; San Francisco Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.

Funding

NRSA Training CoreTL1TR001871 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI KANAYA, ALKA M., SOMSOUK, MA · 2016 to 2025
$10.1M
The Impact of Environmental Exposures on Sarcoidosis Incidence and MortalityR01HL157533 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI Wonder P. Drake, Connie C. W. Hsia · 2022 to 2026
$5.7M
NCATS NIH HHS TL1 TR001871NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL157533
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSarcoidosis is an idiopathic multiorgan disease with variable clinical outcomes. Comprehensive analysis of sarcoidosis mortality in US veterans is lacking. RESEARCH QUESTION: What are the trends in all-cause mortality among US veterans with sarcoidosis, and how are these trends influenced by demographics, Black vs White racial disparities, and geographic variability in relationship to mortality? STUDY DESIGN AND

methodsUsing Veterans Health Administration (VHA) electronic health records (EHRs), we conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study of adjusted all-cause mortality from 2004 through 2022 among veterans with a diagnosis of sarcoidosis who received care through the VHA. Demographics, region of residence, service branch, tobacco use, and comorbidities were extracted from the EHR. Annual trends in all-cause mortality and patient-level characteristics associated with mortality were examined with multivariable ungrouped Poisson regression. We visualized trends and analyzed state-by-state mortality using the marginal means procedure. In subgroup analysis (2015-2022), we considered the impact of neighborhood-level socioeconomic disparities using the Area Deprivation Index (ADI).

resultsIn all, 23,745 veterans received a diagnosis of sarcoidosis between 2004 and 2019 and were followed up through 2022. After adjustment, including age and sex, all-cause mortality increased annually by 4.7% (P < .0001) and was 6.4% higher in Black than White veterans (mortality rate ratio, 1.064; P = .02). A subgroup analysis comparing models with and without ADI adjustment showed no meaningful change in mortality trends. Risk factors for increased all-cause mortality included older age, male sex, Black race, Northeast residence, and lower risk with other service branches. Despite distinct geographical variations in mortality rates, no clear patterns emerged.

interpretationMortality among veterans with sarcoidosis is rising. Differences identified by service branch and higher risk among male Veterans raise questions about differences in environmental exposures. The narrower racial disparities and smaller impact of ADI than in other studies may highlight the role of universal health care access in achieving equitable outcomes.

Indexed as

SarcoidosisVeteransAdultAgedCause of DeathFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedMortalityRetrospective StudiesUnited StatesUnited States Department of Veterans AffairsWhiteall-cause mortalityracial disparitysarcoidosisservice-related toxic exposureveterans

Identifiers

PMID39521376
PMCPMC12106957

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.