ArticleBJC reports2024
New insights into macrophage polarization and its prognostic role in patients with colorectal cancer liver metastasis.
Article in BJC reports, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Distribution and prognostic value of macrophages in colorectal cancer and adjacent mucosa in patient stages I-IIIWorld journal of gastroenterology · 2026Article
- Exosomal CeRNAs from the tumor microenvironment: hidden drivers of colorectal cancer progression.Journal of molecular histology · 2026Review
- CD47-Targeted Therapy in Cancer Immunotherapy: At a Crossroads of Promise and Challenge.Oncology research · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAs liver metastasis is the most common cause of mortality in patients with colorectal cancer, studying colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CLM) microenvironment is essential for improved understanding of tumor biology and to identify novel therapeutic targets.
methodsWe used a multiplex immunofluorescence platform to study tumor associated macrophage (TAM) polarization and adaptive T cell subtypes in tumor samples from 105 CLM patients (49 without and 56 with preoperative chemotherapy).
resultsCLM exhibited M2 macrophage polarization, and helper T cells were the prevalent adaptive T cell subtype. The density of total, M2 and TGFβ-expressing macrophages, and regulatory T cells was lower in CLM treated with preoperative chemotherapy. CLM with right-sided primary demonstrated enrichment of TGFβ-expressing macrophages, and with left-sided primary had higher densities of helper and cytotoxic T cells. In multivariate analysis, high density of M2 macrophages correlated with longer recurrence-free survival (RFS) in the entire cohort [hazard ratio (HR) 0.425, 95% CI 0.219-0.825, p = 0.011) and in patients without preoperative chemotherapy (HR 0.45, 95% CI 0.221-0.932, p = 0.032). High pSMAD3-expressing macrophages were associated with shorter RFS in CLM after preoperative chemotherapy.
conclusionsOur results highlight the significance of a multi-marker approach to define the macrophage subtypes and identify M2 macrophages as a predictor of favorable prognosis in CLM.
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