Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39516554›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2024

Socioeconomic disparities in Plasmodium falciparum infection risk in Southern Malawi: mediation analyses.

Solomon T Wafula, Oumou Maiga-Ascofare, Nicole S Struck, Don P Mathanga, Lauren M Cohee, Jürgen May, Dewi I Puradiredja, Eva Lorenz

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. SatHealth: A Multimodal Public Health Dataset with Satellite-based Environmental Factors.KDD : proceedings. International Conference on Knowledge Discovery & Data Mining · 2025
    Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Solomon T WafulaDepartment of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany. solomon.wafula@bnitm.de.ORCID 0000-0002-6405-015X
Oumou Maiga-AscofareDepartment of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-2947-5651
Nicole S StruckDepartment of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-4753-5841
Don P MathangaSchool of Global and Public Health, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences (KUHeS), Private Bag 360, Blantyre 3, Chichiri, Malawi.ORCID 0000-0001-6816-1888
Lauren M CoheeMalaria Research Program, Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7575-630X
Jürgen MayDepartment of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-7831-8420
Dewi I Puradiredja *Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-6390-9885
Eva Lorenz *Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-6057-0078

Funding

The role of monocytes in the pathology of severe malaria.U19AI089683 · NIAID · MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY · PI SEYDEL, KARL BOYNTON · 2010 to 2023
$21.4M
Mentoring in patient-oriented research in global healthK24AI114996 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE · PI LAUFER, MIRIAM K. · 2016 to 2025
$1.6M
NIAID NIH HHS K24 AI114996NIAID NIH HHS U19 AI089683
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study investigated the mediators of the association between socioeconomic position (SEP) and Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) infection in Southern region of Malawi. We utilized data from the 2014 International Center of Excellence for Malaria Research (ICEMR) surveys from Malawi in which blood samples of all individuals from selected households in Blantyre, Thyolo and Chikhwawa were tested for Pf parasitemia. We assessed household SEP and potential mediators - housing quality, food security, education status of household heads, and use of long-lasting Insecticide-treated nets (LLINs) and nutritional status. We conducted causal mediation analyses to assess the proportion of SEP effect that is attributed to each mediator and combination of mediators. The mediation analysis shows that during the rainy season, improved housing and educational attainment explained 39.4% and 17.0% of the SEP effect on Pf infection, respectively, and collectively 66.4%. In the dry season, housing, educational attainment, and LLIN usage collectively mediated 33.4% of SEP's effect with individual contributions of 15.6%, 11.2%, and 3.8%, respectively. Nutrition also played a role, particularly for children, mediating 9.2% of SEP's effect in the rainy season and 3.7% in the dry season. The study concluded that multifaceted interventions targeting housing, education, LLIN usage, and nutrition are vital to reducing socioeconomic disparities in Pf infection risk in the Southern region of Malawi.

Indexed as

Malaria, FalciparumPlasmodium falciparumSocioeconomic FactorsAdolescentAdultChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansInfantInsecticide-Treated BednetsMalawiMaleMediation AnalysisMiddle AgedRisk FactorsCounterfactual frameworkMalariaMalawiMediationPlasmodium FalciparumSocioeconomic position

Identifiers

PMID39516554
PMCPMC11549479

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.