Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39515746›Full record

ReviewContraception2025

Synthetic androgens for male contraception.

Stephanie T Page

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Contraception, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

Stephanie T PageUniversity of Washington, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Seattle, WA, United States. Electronic address: page@uw.edu.

Funding

NICHD NIH HHS HHSN275201300025I
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

High global rates of unintended pregnancy (>40% of all pregnancies) are relatively stagnant despite a broad array of female contraceptive options. Data suggest many men are enthusiastic to utilize novel, reversible, male contraceptives, particularly those that may be administered orally. Hormonal male contraception utilizes androgens or androgen-progestin combinations to exploit endocrine negative feedback, interrupting the hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis to suppress spermatogenesis. Modifications of testosterone allow for tailoring of steroid activity and show promise as single agent hormonal male contraceptives. The addition of progestin activity by molecular modification of testosterone could enhance the degree and speed of sperm suppression compared to testosterone alone using a single, exogenous steroid. Moreover, modifications that block reduction of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone could diminish androgenic stimulation of prostate tissue. This review summarizes data in the development of modified androgens for male hormonal contraception and suggest a path forward for these molecules in helping to fill the gap in contraceptive technologies for men.

Indexed as

AndrogensContraceptive Agents, MaleTestosterone CongenersContraceptionFemaleHumansMalePregnancyProgestinsSpermatogenesisTestosteroneAndrogensContraceptive Agents, MaleProgestinsTestosteroneTestosterone CongenersAndrogenMale contraceptionProgestinTestosterone

Identifiers

PMID39515746
PMCPMC11993352

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.