SynthesisJournal of global health2024
Global incidence and risk factors for glaucoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies.
Synthesis in Journal of global health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed.
- Preliminary Outcomes of iStent Inject vs Kahook Dual Blade Goniotomy Combined With Phacoemulsification: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2026Trial
- Association between alcohol and tobacco use and primary open-angle glaucoma: the Eyes of Africa study.Eye and vision (London, England) · 2026Article
- [Experiences of glaucoma patients : Evaluation of the survey conducted by the Federal Association Glaucoma Self-help and the DOG Glaucoma Section].Die Ophthalmologie · 2026Article
- Dementia Risk After Glaucoma Surgery and Medical Therapy: A Multicentre Real-World Cohort Study.International journal of geriatric psychiatry · 2026Article
- Effect of Latanoprost and Timolol-Dorzolamide Therapy on Aqueous Humor Cytokine Concentrations in Patients with Pseudoexfoliative Glaucoma.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Observational
- Glaucoma burden in the Western Pacific Region from 1990 to 2023: country-level disparities, demographic drivers, and metabolic risk attribution.International ophthalmology · 2026Observational
- Clinic-based burden of glaucoma among Sahrawi refugees in the Tindouf camps.BMJ open ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Clinical and demographic characteristics of glaucoma patients in Kingston, Jamaica.International ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Prediction of primary glaucoma: development and validation of multiple machine learning models.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Short-Term Stability of Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer and Ganglion Cell Layer Thickness Following Direct Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty in Patients with Ocular Hypertension and Glaucoma.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Quantitative Ultrasound Biomicroscopy Assessment of Anterior Chamber Angle Changes One Year After Laser Peripheral Iridotomy in Primary Angle Closure Suspects.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Role of lifestyle modifications in glaucoma: A systematic review.World journal of methodology · 2026Article
- Chromatin dynamics identifies 78 genes at loci associated with elevated intraocular pressure and primary open-angle glaucoma.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Trends in First-Line Glaucoma Treatment from 2013 to 2024: A Multi-institutional and Multinational Cohort Study.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2026Article
- Glaucoma Management Therapies and Clinical Outcomes in an African Population: A Review of Prospective Studies.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Bioengineered 3D Human Trabecular Meshwork Models for Outflow Physiology and Glaucoma Research.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Possible Effects of Topical Rho-Kinase Inhibitor on Schlemm's Canal Morphology Parameters.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Photodisruption of the Inner Limiting Membrane Promotes Retinal Engraftment of Stem-Cell Derived Retinal Ganglion Cells.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- In Vivo Functional and Structural Retinal Preservation by Combined Administration of Citicoline and Coenzyme Q10 in a Murine Model of Ocular Hypertension.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Automatic Retinal Nerve Fiber Segmentation and the Influence of Intersubject Variability in Ocular Parameters on the Mapping of Retinal Sites to the Pointwise Orientation Angles.Journal of imaging · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: This study aims to estimate global incidence and assess risk factors for glaucoma subtypes. Methods: The literature search was performed in three English (PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE) and three Chinese (China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, China Science and Technology Journal Database) databases to identify prospective studies on glaucoma incidence between 1 January 1990 and 29 November 2022. We used a multilevel mixed-effects meta-regression to estimate the age- and sex-specific incidence rate of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). The global and regional incidence rate of POAG in 2022 were respectively estimated. The annual cumulative incidence (ACI) of POAG and primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG), and risk factors for POAG were pooled using a random-effects meta-analysis, respectively. The heterogeneity of the included articles was tested using the Q statistic and measured by I Results: A total of 9050 articles were identified in literature search, and 50 articles provided incidence data of glaucoma subtypes. In 2022, the global incidence rate of POAG was 23.46 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 15.68-32.91) per 10 000 person-years among 40-79 years. An increase from 5.51 (95% CI = 1.63-11.12) per 10 000 person-years in 40-44 years to 64.36 (95% CI = 49.82-80.70) per 10 000 person-years in 75-79 years was noted between the year 1990 and 2019. Across sociodemographic index (SDI) and World Health Organization (WHO) regions, the incidence rate was the highest in low SDI region and Africa, respectively. The pooled ACI of POAG was 0.21% (95% CI = 0.13%-0.30%). Six risk factors for POAG were identified, including intraocular pressure (IOP) treatment (meta-odds ratio (OR) = 3.69; 95% CI = 2.64-5.15), a family history of glaucoma (meta-OR = 2.49; 95% CI = 1.92-3.24), myopia (meta-OR = 2.08; 95% CI = 1.59-2.70), elevated IOP (meta-OR = 1.13; 95% CI = 1.11-1.15), advanced age (meta-OR = 1.07; 95% CI = 1.05-1.08), male (female: meta-OR = 0.76; 95% CI = 0.66-0.88). The pooled ACI of PACG was 0.05% (95% CI = 0.00%-0.16%). Conclusions: Significant disparities existed in incidence rates for glaucoma across geographic regions and age groups. Further research is needed to understand which risk factors drive glaucoma incidence in different socioeconomic strata for tailored health policy on preventing glaucoma. Registration: This study is registered with PROSPERO (number CRD42023434203).
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