ArticleFrontiers in psychology2024
Confidence in mathematics is confounded by responses to reverse-coded items.
Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Validation of the youth version of the Alimetry® Gut-Brain Wellbeing Survey: a mental health scale for young people with chronic gastroduodenal symptoms.World journal of pediatrics : WJP · 2026Article
- Development and Validation of the Treatment Adherence Scale for Non-Dialysis Chronic Kidney Disease Patients in China: A Mixed-Methods Study.Patient preference and adherence · 2026Article
- The development and assessment of a movement-based coaching program on executive function skills: an exploratory quality improvement study.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: This study investigates the confounding effects of reverse-coded items on the measurement of confidence in mathematics using data from the 2019 Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS). Methods: The sample came from the Saudi Arabian cohort of 8th graders in 2019 involving 4,515 students. Through mixture modeling, two subgroups responding in similar ways to reverse-coded items were identified representing approximately 9% of the sample. Results: Their response to positively valenced and negatively valenced items showed inconsistency and the observed unexpected response patterns were further verified using Lz*, U3, and the number of Guttman errors person fit indicators. Psychometric analyses on the full sample and the truncated sample after deleting the aberrant responders indicated significant improvements in both internal consistency reliability and factorial validity. Discussion: It was concluded that reverse-coded items contribute to systematic measurement error that is associated with distorted item level parameters that compromised the scale's reliability and validity. The study underscores the need for reconsideration of reverse-coded items in survey design, particularly in contexts involving younger populations and low-achieving students.
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