Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39511640›Full record

ArticleBMC psychology2024

Development and validation of the General attitude towards Medication Questionnaire (GAMQ).

Kaya J Peerdeman, Judith Tekampe, Henriët van Middendorp, Antoinette I M van Laarhoven, Ralph C A Rippe, Madelon L Peters, Andrea W M Evers

Abstract readValidation Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC psychology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Kaya J Peerdeman *Health, Medical and Neuropsychology Unit, Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Leiden University, Wassenaarseweg 52, Leiden, 2333 AK, The Netherlands. k.j.peerdeman@fsw.leidenuniv.nl.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7622-1166
Judith Tekampe *Health, Medical and Neuropsychology Unit, Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Leiden University, Wassenaarseweg 52, Leiden, 2333 AK, The Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8227-6718
Henriët van MiddendorpHealth, Medical and Neuropsychology Unit, Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Leiden University, Wassenaarseweg 52, Leiden, 2333 AK, The Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4575-0895
Antoinette I M van LaarhovenHealth, Medical and Neuropsychology Unit, Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Leiden University, Wassenaarseweg 52, Leiden, 2333 AK, The Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6932-9283
Ralph C A RippeResearch Methods and Statistics, Institute of Education and Child Studies, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0812-0387
Madelon L PetersDepartment of Clinical Psychological Science, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2969-6286
Andrea W M EversHealth, Medical and Neuropsychology Unit, Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Leiden University, Wassenaarseweg 52, Leiden, 2333 AK, The Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0090-5091

Funding

European Research Council ERC Consolidator GrantNetherlands Organization for Scientific Research Innovation Scheme Vidi Grant
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAttitudes towards medication can affect treatment outcomes and adherence through mechanisms such as placebo and nocebo effects. Questionnaires assessing both negative and positive attitudes towards medication in general, which can be used across a variety of settings and in both patient and non-patient samples, are however lacking. To fill this gap, we developed and validated the General Attitude towards Medication Questionnaire (GAMQ).

methodsItems were selected and adapted from existing questionnaires by a group of experts. Validation of the original Dutch version took place in 4 samples: 2 recruited from the general population (n = 508; n = 279) and 2 patient samples (patients with rheumatoid arthritis, n = 121; patients with atopic dermatitis, n = 70). We evaluated the psychometric properties of the GAMQ by determining the factor structure and its stability across samples, internal consistency, and convergent validity.

resultsThe GAMQ contains 6 positive and 6 negatively worded items. A factor structure was observed with three subscales, representing 'Trust in medication', 'Concerns about medication', and 'Reluctance to use medication'. The fit of the factor structure was satisfactory across samples, considering classic cut-offs, with an adequate or close to adequate fit. The total scale showed good internal consistency, good convergent validity with related scales (i.e., Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire - General and a single medication attitude scale), and concurrent validity as reflected in associations with expectations about pain- and itch-relieving medication. It was not consistently or strongly associated with demographic or health-related characteristics.

conclusionsThe newly developed GAMQ showed satisfactory psychometric properties in a variety of populations, although limitations should be considered. The GAMQ is the first scale to assess both positive and negative attitudes towards medication in general, providing indicators of Trust, Concerns, and Reluctance regarding medication. The scale may be an informative measure for predicting treatment outcomes and adherence, as well as placebo and nocebo effects in diverse samples.

Indexed as

PsychometricsAdultAgedArthritis, RheumatoidAttitude to HealthDermatitis, AtopicDrug MonitoringFemaleHumansMaleMedication AdherenceMiddle AgedReproducibility of ResultsSurveys and QuestionnairesYoung AdultAttitudeExpectanciesMedicationNocebo effectsPlacebo effectsQuestionnaire development

Identifiers

PMID39511640
PMCPMC11542261

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.