ArticleNephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association2025
Characteristics, treatment and disease burden among stage 3-4 chronic kidney disease patients with and without type 2 diabetes in Finland during 2016-2022.
Article in Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Implementation gaps in contemporary heart failure therapy: a two-country nationwide analysis.Open heart · 2026Article
- Incidence, risk factors, and mortality impact of chronic kidney disease in middle-aged Finns: a 22-year population-based cohort study.BMC nephrology · 2026Article
- Disease Progression, Clinical Outcomes and Treatment Challenges in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease and High-Risk Proteinuria.Advances in therapy · 2025Article
- Prevalence, outcomes, costs, and treatments of a contemporary population with chronic kidney disease in Norway: a nationwide observational study.BMC nephrology · 2025Observational
- The management of chronic kidney disease in primary care in Denmark: patient characteristics, treatment, follow-up, progression and referral.Clinical kidney journal · 2025Article
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Abstract
backgroundReal-world evidence on the management of chronic kidney disease (CKD) with and without type 2 diabetes (T2D) is limited. This study described the characteristics, treatment and disease burden in patients with stage 3-4 CKD with and without T2D in Finland.
methodsThis cohort study used data from primary and hospital care in five municipalities in Finland to identify adults with stage 3-4 CKD, defined as having either one estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) measurement of 15-59 mL/min/1.73 m2 followed by a second measurement taken ≥90 days later, or a registered CKD diagnosis. Prevalence was determined on 31 December 2022, and a cohort of incident stage 3-4 CKD patients was followed from the first date fulfilling eligibility criteria since 1 January 2016 (index) until death or 31 December 2022, and analyzed by T2D status.
resultsThe prevalence of stage 3-4 CKD was 6.3%. Among the 12 474 incident stage 3-4 CKD patients, the majority were non-T2D (73%). The median age was similar for non-T2D and T2D CKD patients, respectively. Baseline albuminuria screening was 9% among non-T2D and 53% among T2D. The use of kidney-protective treatments at index was also lower in non-T2D patients (47%), compared with T2D patients (69%). The use of kidney-protective treatments remained unchanged during 12 months after index. Healthcare resource utilization was high, and CKD or heart failure contributed considerably more to the all-cause healthcare costs than atherosclerotic diseases, regardless of T2D status. In both CKD subgroups, 10% had died within 1 year.
conclusionsIn Finland, CKD is highly prevalent and associated with high risks and low use of albuminuria testing and kidney-protective medications. Most CKD patients were non-T2D, which showed lower use of preventive management and similar risks compared with T2D patients. These findings call for an urgent need for improved awareness and risk management, especially in non-T2D CKD patients.
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