ArticleArchives of rheumatology2024
Association of focus score and extraglandular involvement in Sjögren's syndrome: A study on antinuclear antibodies and minor salivary gland pathology.
Article in Archives of rheumatology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Conjunctival vascularization assessed by AS-OCTA as a biomarker of ocular involvement in primary Sjögren's syndrome.Rheumatology advances in practice · 2026Article
- Case Report: A refractory unusual tetrad of overlap syndrome involving rheumatoid arthritis, Sjögren's syndrome, autoimmune hepatitis, and type 1 renal tubular acidosis, successfully treated with a BLyS/APRIL dual inhibitor.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between patients with and without extraglandular involvement in Sjögren's syndrome (SS) by analyzing ANA (antinuclear antibody) and ENA (extractable nuclear antigen) results and minor salivary gland pathology findings. Patients and methods: A total of 265 (245 females; 20 males; mean age: 50.4±12.4; range, 19 to 79 years) patients diagnosed with SS were included in the retrospective cohort study between March 1, 2011, and December 1, 2021. Detailed documentation was performed, capturing demographic characteristics, clinical information, laboratory findings, medication usage, and manifestations of the syndrome. The patients were divided into two groups, with (78 females; 8 males; mean age: 52.7±11.5; range, 22 to 78 years or without (167 females; 12 males; mean age: 49.3±12.8; range, 19 to 79 years extraglandular involvement. Results: The mean follow-up duration was 63.1±31.9 months. Extraganular involvement, including joint involvement, lung involvement, central nervous system involvement, hematological involvement, hepatitis, and lymphoma, was observed in 32.5% of the patients. Patients with extraglandular involvement required multiple medications, while those with only glandular involvement predominantly used hydroxychloroquine. The mean duration from SS diagnosis to extraglandular involvement was 15.2±27.8 months. The comparison between patients with and without extraglandular involvement revealed a significant association between higher focus scores (FS) and extraglandular manifestations. However, no significant differences were observed in terms of ANA positivity, ANA titers, or ENA positivity. Regression analysis indicated that age and FS were linked to systemic involvement. Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of FS as a predictive indicator for extraglandular manifestations in SS. Advanced age was found to be associated with an increased likelihood of extraglandular involvement. Assessing FS and age can aid in predicting extraglandular manifestations.
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