ArticleJournal of inflammation research2024
Combination of Methotrexate and Resveratrol Reduces Pro-Inflammatory Chemokines in Human THP-1 Cells.
Article in Journal of inflammation research, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Gasdermin D-Mediated Pyroptosis Exerts Two Opposite Effects of Resisting Enzymatic Digestion and Expanding Inflammatory Response in Acute Pancreatitis.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: Methotrexate (MTX) is a widely used anti-metabolite drug in cancer therapy, but its efficacy is often hindered by reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced cellular toxicity. Resveratrol, a natural polyphenol, possesses antioxidant and anticancer properties. Therefore, this in vitro study aimed to investigate the synergistic anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory effects of MTX and resveratrol in human THP-1 cells. Methods: THP-1 cells were differentiated into macrophage-like cells using phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate. In vitro experiments assessed the impact of various concentrations of MTX and resveratrol on cell viability and proliferation using the MTT assay. Concentration-effect curves were generated to elucidate their relationship. Gene expression was analyzed by RT-qPCR, while chemokine expression was measured via ELISA. Phagocytic and migratory activities were also evaluated. Results: Differentiated THP-1 cells were treated with MTX and resveratrol and stimulated with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) as inflammatory stimuli. The combination of MTX and resveratrol exhibited an anti-proliferative effect in THP-1 cells (p = 0.03). The concentration-effect curve revealed IC50 values of 49.15 µg at 24 hours (R = 0.8236) and 2.029e-005 µg at 48 hours (R = 0.97) for MTX, and 20.17 µg at 48 hours (R = 1.000) and 55.38 µg at 96 hours (R = 0.9666) for resveratrol. Co-treatment with MTX and resveratrol significantly reduced mRNA and chemokine expression of CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, and CXCL10 (p < 0.05). Moreover, decreased phagocytic and migratory activities were confirmed by phagocytosis and migration assays (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The combination of MTX and resveratrol effectively attenuated pro-inflammatory activity in THP-1 cells, as evidenced by the downregulation of mRNA and chemokine expression. These findings suggest that the synergistic effects of MTX and resveratrol hold promise for enhancing cancer therapeutics.
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