Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39504576›Full record

ArticleThe oncologist2025

Targeting RAF1 gene fusions with MEK inhibition in metastatic melanoma.

Karam Khaddour, Rizwan Haq, Elizabeth I Buchbinder, David Liu, Michael P Manos, Patrick A Ott, F Stephen Hodi, Megan L Insco

Abstract readCase Reports
In one paragraph

Article in The oncologist, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Gene fusions in melanocytic lesions: an updated comprehensive review.Journal of pathology and translational medicine · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Karam KhaddourDepartment of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, United States.ORCID 0000-0001-6697-3516
Rizwan HaqDepartment of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, United States.
Elizabeth I BuchbinderDepartment of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, United States.
David LiuDepartment of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, United States.
Michael P ManosDepartment of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, United States.
Patrick A OttDepartment of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, United States.
F Stephen HodiDepartment of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, United States.
Megan L InscoDepartment of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-6078-6506

Funding

Ladieu Family Melanoma Research Fund
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The biological and clinical relevance of gene fusions in melanoma is unknown. Reports and preclinical data have suggested that tumor cells with specific rearrangements such as RAF1 gene fusions could be therapeutically targeted. To investigate the relevance of targeted therapy in patients with melanoma harboring RAF1 gene fusions, we reviewed records of 1268 melanoma patients with targeted sequencing data at the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute. We identified 9 cases and report here on their clinicopathologic characteristics. We describe the favorable outcome of 2 patients who received MEK inhibitor therapy, including 1 patient with a durable response. We coalesced our data with published reports of patients with RAF1 gene fusions who were treated with targeted therapy. We find that single-agent MEK inhibition has anti-tumor activity in melanoma patients harboring an RAF1 gene fusion, and we propose that patients with RAF1 gene fusions should be considered for single-agent MEK inhibitor therapy.

Indexed as

MelanomaOncogene Proteins, FusionProtein Kinase InhibitorsProto-Oncogene Proteins c-rafAdultAgedFemaleGene FusionHumansMaleMiddle AgedNeoplasm MetastasisOncogene Proteins, FusionProtein Kinase InhibitorsProto-Oncogene Proteins c-rafRaf1 protein, humanMEK inhibitionmelanomaRAF1 gene fusiontargeted therapy

Identifiers

PMID39504576
PMCPMC11954592

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.