ArticleCureus2024
Exploring the Mechanisms of Neuronal Protection by Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Autism Spectrum Disorder.
Article in Cureus, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Concurrent Assessment of Neurotrophic Factors and HPA-Axis Hormones in Early Childhood Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundA complicated neurological disease known as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is typified by issues with social interaction, communication, and repetitive behavior. The neural protective mechanisms in ASD are thought to be influenced by genetic variables, including the expression of neurotrophic genes such as glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF).
objectiveThe aim was to examine the relationship between neuronal protection and cognitive functioning by crosslinking GDNF gene expression and serum levels in individuals with relation to Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores in ASD patients. MATERIALS AND
methodsAfter getting study approval and informed consent of patients, this case-control study experimental study was conducted for six months between July 2023 and December 2023. The blood samples (5 ml each) were drawn from the study population (n = 140), including 100 ASD patients with a disease course of 30 months based on patients' reports data and 40 healthy controls from four major clinical and hospital settings in Lahore, Karachi, and Bahawalpur from Pakistan. The analytical procedures included nucleic acid extraction, primer design and optimization, and GDNF-targeted real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction expression analysis. To measure cognitive and behavioral deficits, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-based serum GDNF levels (pg/ml) and MMSE scores were compared, concluding the neuronal protection potential of GDNF.
resultsIn patients with ASD, lower serum levels of GDNF (9.371 ± 2.388 pg/ml) were linked to more severe behavioral and cognitive deficits confirmed by MMSE scores (13.6 ± 3.5) of ASD patients in comparison with the control group (27.1 ± 2.1). Healthy individuals showed higher relative gene fold expression (11.71) compared to the ASD patients (5.51).
conclusionThere is a notable decrease in GDNF gene expression in people with ASD, which raises the possibility that GDNF is important for both cognitive performance and neuronal protection in these people. GDNF may be a useful biomarker for identifying ASD and comprehending its molecular causes, opening the door for focused treatment approaches.
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